{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T23:08:32Z","timestamp":1788390512716,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The fourth-generation (4th-gen) human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1\/2 antibody\/antigen (Ab\/Ag) combination immunoassay currently used for HIV screening offers greater sensitivity than previous assays, but false-reactive results occur in up to 20% of patients. Large-scale observations in cancer patients are lacking.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a retrospective study of cancer patients seen at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (March 2016\u2013January 2023) who had reactive 4th-gen ARCHITECT HIV-1\/2 Ab\/Ag combination immunoassay results. We analyzed characteristics of patients with true-reactive and false-reactive results, defined based on Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 43 637 patients underwent 4th-gen HIV screening, and 293 had reactive 4th-gen HIV test results. Twenty-one patients were excluded because they did not have cancer. Among the remaining 272 patients, 78 (29%) had false-reactive results. None of these patients experienced delays in their cancer treatment, but 26% experienced mental distress. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified 5 predictors of having false-reactive results: age &amp;gt;60 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 6.983; P &amp;lt; .0001), female sex (aOR, 6.060; P &amp;lt; .0001), race\/ethnicity (Black: aOR, 0.274; Hispanic: aOR, 0.236; P = .002), syphilis coinfection (aOR, 0.046; P = .038), and plant alkaloids therapy (aOR, 2.870; P = .013).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>False-reactive 4th-gen HIV test results occur in almost one-third of cancer patients. Physicians should be aware of the high rates of false-reactive HIV screening results in this patient population. These findings may have implications for counseling regarding testing, especially among those at low risk for HIV infection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciad608","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,26]],"date-time":"2023-10-26T08:41:52Z","timestamp":1698309712000},"page":"674-680","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["False-Reactive Fourth-Generation Human Immunodeficiency Virus Testing in Cancer Patients"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"78","author":[{"given":"Chia-Yu","family":"Chiu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston , Houston, Texas , USA"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control, and Employee Health, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, Texas , 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P","family":"Granwehr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control, and Employee Health, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, Texas , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0814-604X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Harrys A","family":"Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control, and Employee Health, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, Texas , USA"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, Texas , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024032020250479000_ciad608-B1","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Association of Public Health 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