{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T11:14:37Z","timestamp":1781090077640,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,8]],"date-time":"2023-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696723200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U54CA242646"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U54CA242646"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CA163103"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CA163103"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"AIDS Malignancy Consortium","award":["UM1CA121947"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UM1CA121947"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Detection and treatment of anal histologic high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (hHSIL) prevents anal cancer. However, anal hHSIL incidence among women with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV, WHIV) remains unknown. Performance of anal high-risk human papillomavirus ([hr]HPV), anal cytology (anal-cyt), and both for hHSIL detection longitudinally over 2 years also remains undetermined.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We determined 2-year incidence and cumulative risk estimates (2-y-CR) of anal hHSIL among WHIV using prevalence and incidence (per 100 person-years [py]) observations stratified by baseline hrHPV and\/or anal-cyt results.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In total, 229 WHIV with complete baseline data were included in the analysis; 114 women without prevalent anal hHSIL were followed with 2 annual evaluations. Median age was 51, 63% were Black, and 23% were Hispanic. Anal hrHPV or abnormal anal-cyt was associated with an increased risk of incident anal hHSIL at 2 years (18.9\/100py [95% confidence interval {CI} 11.4\u201331.3] and 13.4\/100py [95% CI 8.0\u201322.7], respectively) compared with no detection of anal HPV or negative cytology (2.8\/100py [95% CI 1.1\u20137.4] and 4.2 [95% CI, 1.8\u201310.2]) The presence of anal hrHPV with abnormal cytology was associated with 2-y-CR of anal hHSIL of 65.6% (95% CI 55.4%\u201375%); negative hrHPV with negative cytology was associated with 2-y-CR of anal hHSIL of 9.2% (95% CI 7.0\u201316.0).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Detection of anal hrHPV or abnormal anal cytology are comparable predictors for 2-y-CR of anal hHSIL. The absence of anal hrHPV combined with negative cytology was predictive of a lower (but measurable) risk of developing anal hHSIL. These findings provide important data to inform anal cancer screening guidelines for WHIV.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciad614","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,6]],"date-time":"2023-10-06T20:16:52Z","timestamp":1696623412000},"page":"681-689","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Two-Year Incidence and Cumulative Risk and Predictors of Anal High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions (Anal Precancer) Among Women With Human Immunodeficiency Virus"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"78","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3526-0032","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth A","family":"Stier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine , Boston, Massachusetts , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mayuri","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Institute for Healthcare Delivery Science , NewYork, New York , USA"},{"name":"Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , NewYork, New York , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0272-0733","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Himanshu","family":"Joshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Institute for Healthcare Delivery Science , NewYork, New York , USA"},{"name":"Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , NewYork, New York , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teresa M","family":"Darragh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, UCSF Mt. Zion Medical Center , SanFrancisco, California , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashish A","family":"Deshmukh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston, South Carolina , USA"},{"name":"Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston, South Carolina , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeannette","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences , Little Rock, Arkansas , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark H","family":"Einstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of OB\/GYN & Women's Health, Rutgers- NJMS , Newark, New Jersey , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naomi","family":"Jay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anal Neoplasia Clinic, Research, and Education Center, University of California San Francisco , San Francisco, California , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J Michael","family":"Berry-Lawhorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anal Neoplasia Clinic, Research, and Education Center, University of California San Francisco , San Francisco, California , USA"},{"name":"Division of Hematology Oncology, University of California San Francisco , San Francisco, California , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5097-3818","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joel M","family":"Palefsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anal Neoplasia Clinic, Research, and Education Center, University of California San Francisco , San Francisco, California , USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco , San Francisco, California , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy","family":"Wilkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Cornell University , NewYork, New York , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grant","family":"Ellsworth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Cornell University , NewYork, New York , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Audrey L","family":"French","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, CORE Center\/Stroger Hospital of Cook County , Chicago, Illinois , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis 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