{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T21:32:55Z","timestamp":1792359175881,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,17]],"date-time":"2023-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1700179200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Drug resistance may be acquired in people starting human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) during undiagnosed infection. Population-based estimates of PrEP-related resistance are lacking.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We used New York City surveillance and partner services data to measure the effect of PrEP use (tenofovir disoproxil fumarate\/tenofivir alafenamide fumarate with emtricitabine) history on the baseline prevalence of M184I\/V mutations in people with HIV diagnosed in 2015\u20132022. PrEP use was categorized as \u201crecent\u201d (defined as PrEP stopped \u226490 days before diagnosis), \u201cpast\u201d (PrEP stopped &amp;gt;90 days before diagnosis), or \u201cno known use.\u201d Resistance-associated mutations were determined using the Stanford algorithm. We used log binomial regression to generate the adjusted relative risk (aRR) of M184I\/V by PrEP use history in people with or without acute HIV infection (AHI).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Of 4246 people with newly diagnosed HIV and a genotype obtained within \u226430 days of diagnosis, 560 (13%) had AHI; 136 (3%) reported recent and 124 (35%) past PrEP use; and 98 (2%) harbored M184I\/V. In people with AHI, recent PrEP use was associated with a 6 times greater risk of M184I\/V than no known use (aRR, 5.86 [95% confidence interval, 2.49\u201313.77]). Among people without AHI, the risk of M184I\/V in recent users was 7 times that in people with no known use (aRR, 7.26 [95% confidence interval, 3.98\u201313.24]), and in past users, it was 4 times that in those with no known use (4.46 [2.15\u20139.24]).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>PrEP use was strongly associated with baseline M184I\/V in New York City, regardless of AHI status. Ordering a nucleic acid test when indicated after assessment of exposure, antiretroviral history, and AHI symptoms can decrease PrEP initiation in people with undetected infection.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciad699","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,17]],"date-time":"2023-11-17T18:25:45Z","timestamp":1700245545000},"page":"1240-1245","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Use History in People With Antiretroviral Resistance at HIV Diagnosis: Findings From New York City HIV Surveillance and Partner Services, 2015\u20132022"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"78","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0941-9436","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kavita","family":"Misra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bureau of Hepatitis, HIV and STIs, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene , Queens, New York , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jamie S","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bureau of Hepatitis, HIV and STIs, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene , Queens, New York , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chi-Chi N","family":"Udeagu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bureau of Hepatitis, HIV and STIs, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene , Queens, New York , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Forgione","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bureau of Hepatitis, HIV and STIs, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene , Queens, New York , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2493-6001","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qiang","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bureau of Hepatitis, HIV and STIs, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene , Queens, New York , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucia V","family":"Torian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bureau of Hepatitis, HIV and STIs, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene , Queens, New York , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024051423582147900_ciad699-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00056-2","article-title":"Pre-exposure prophylaxis to prevent the acquisition of HIV-1 infection (PROUD): effectiveness results from the pilot phase of a pragmatic open-label randomised 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