{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T06:50:34Z","timestamp":1771051834613,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,8]],"date-time":"2024-02-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707350400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Region Halland Research Council"},{"name":"Foundation of Sparbanken Varberg"},{"name":"Swedish Government Funds for Clinical Research"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011077","name":"Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011077","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Revised diagnostic criteria for infective endocarditis (IE), the 2023 Duke-ISCVID criteria, were recently presented and need validation. Here, we compare the 2000 modified Duke criteria for IE with Duke-ISCVID among patients with bacteremia and relate the diagnostic classification to IE treatment.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We reanalyzed patient cohorts with Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus lugdunensis, non\u2013\u03b2-hemolytic streptococci, Streptococcus-like bacteria, Streptococcus dysgalactiae, Enterococcus faecalis, and HACEK (Haemophilus, Aggregatibacter, Cardiobacterium, Eikenella, Kingella) bacteremia. Episodes were classified as definite, possible, or rejected IE with the modified Duke and Duke-ISCVID criteria. Reclassification included the microbiology criteria, positron emission tomography\u2013computed tomography, and cardiac implanted electronic devices. To calculate sensitivity, patients treated for IE were considered as having IE.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In 4050 episodes of bacteremia, the modified Duke criteria assigned 307 episodes (7.6%) as definite IE, 1190 (29%) as possible IE, and 2553 (63%) as rejected IE. Using the Duke-ISCVID criteria, 13 episodes (0.3%) were reclassified from possible to definite IE, and 475 episodes (12%) were reclassified from rejected to possible IE. With the modified Duke criteria, 79 episodes that were treated as IE were classified as possible IE, and 11 of these episodes were reclassified to definite IE with Duke-ISCVID. Applying the decision to treat for IE as a reference standard, the sensitivity of the Duke-ISCVID criteria was 80%. None of the 475 episodes reclassified to possible IE were treated as IE.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The Duke-ISCVID criteria reclassified a small proportion of episodes to definite IE at the expense of more episodes of possible IE. Future criteria should minimize the possible IE group while keeping or improving sensitivity.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciae040","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,8]],"date-time":"2024-02-08T20:39:35Z","timestamp":1707424775000},"page":"956-963","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Performance of the 2023 Duke-International Society of Cardiovascular Infectious Diseases Diagnostic Criteria for Infective Endocarditis in Relation to the Modified Duke Criteria and to Clinical Management\u2014Reanalysis of Retrospective Bacteremia Cohorts"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"78","author":[{"given":"Helena","family":"Lindberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital of Halland , Halmstad , Sweden"},{"name":"Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University , Lund , Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Berge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital \u00a0 Stockholm , Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Jovanovic-Stjernqvist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University , Lund , Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Malin","family":"Hagstrand Aldman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University , Lund , Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital \u00a0 Lund , Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Krus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University , Lund , Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital \u00a0 Lund , Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonas","family":"\u00d6berg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University , Lund , Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Helsingborg Hospital , Helsingborg , Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fredrik","family":"Kahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University , Lund , Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital \u00a0 Lund , Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Bl\u00e4ckberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University , Lund , Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital \u00a0 Lund , Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Torgny","family":"Sunnerhagen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University , Lund , Sweden"},{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection Control, Region Sk\u00e5ne Office for Medical Services , Lund , Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1588-5473","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magnus","family":"Rasmussen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University , Lund , Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital \u00a0 Lund , Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024041017092097800_ciae040-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(94)90143-0","article-title":"New criteria for diagnosis of infective endocarditis: utilization of specific echocardiographic findings","volume":"96","author":"Durack","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"2024041017092097800_ciae040-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1086\/313753","article-title":"Proposed modifications to the Duke criteria for the diagnosis of infective endocarditis","volume":"30","author":"Li","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024041017092097800_ciae040-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3075","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehv319","article-title":"2015 ESC guidelines for the management of infective endocarditis: the Task Force for the Management of Infective Endocarditis of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Endorsed by: European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS), the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM)","volume":"36","author":"Habib","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2024041017092097800_ciae040-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciad271","article-title":"The 2023 Duke-ISCVID criteria for infective endocarditis: updating the modified Duke criteria","volume":"77","author":"Fowler","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024041017092097800_ciae040-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ235","article-title":"Predicting Risk of Endocarditis Using a Clinical Tool (PREDICT): scoring system to guide use of echocardiography in the management of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia","volume":"61","author":"Palraj","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024041017092097800_ciae040-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1345.e7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.11.007","article-title":"Time to blood culture positivity in Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia to determine risk of infective endocarditis","volume":"27","author":"Kahn","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"2024041017092097800_ciae040-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.02.003","article-title":"The VIRSTA score, a prediction score to estimate risk of infective endocarditis and determine priority for echocardiography in patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia","volume":"72","author":"Tubiana","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"2024041017092097800_ciae040-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-021-06391-2","article-title":"Proposal for the use of echocardiography in bloodstream infections due to different streptococcal species","volume":"21","author":"Chamat-Hedemand","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024041017092097800_ciae040-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.046723","article-title":"Prevalence of infective endocarditis in streptococcal bloodstream infections is dependent on streptococcal species","volume":"142","author":"Chamat-Hedemand","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2024041017092097800_ciae040-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix880","article-title":"HANDOC: a handy score to determine the need for echocardiography in non-beta-hemolytic streptococcal bacteremia","volume":"66","author":"Sunnerhagen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024041017092097800_ciae040-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-018-1208-3","article-title":"The DENOVA score efficiently identifies patients with monomicrobial Enterococcus faecalis bacteremia where echocardiography is not necessary","volume":"47","author":"Berge","year":"2019","journal-title":"Infection"},{"key":"2024041017092097800_ciae040-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu872","article-title":"The NOVA score: a proposal to reduce the need for transesophageal echocardiography in patients with enterococcal bacteremia","volume":"60","author":"Bouza","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024041017092097800_ciae040-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw383","article-title":"Risk factors of endocarditis in patients with Enterococcus faecalis bacteremia: external validation of the NOVA score","volume":"63","author":"Dahl","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024041017092097800_ciae040-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1080\/23744235.2022.2049360","article-title":"Risk stratification score screening for infective endocarditis in patients with gram-positive bacteraemia","volume":"54","author":"Lindberg","year":"2022","journal-title":"Infect Dis (Lond)"},{"key":"2024041017092097800_ciae040-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1206","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkaa004","article-title":"Evaluation of penicillin G susceptibility testing methods for Staphylococcus lugdunensis","volume":"75","author":"Hagstrand Aldman","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"2024041017092097800_ciae040-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-021-04339-7","article-title":"Blood culture time to positivity in non-beta-hemolytic streptococcal bacteremia as a predictor of infective endocarditis\u2014a retrospective cohort study","volume":"41","author":"Krus","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024041017092097800_ciae040-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1080\/23744235.2022.2089730","article-title":"Bacteraemia and infective endocarditis with Streptococcus bovis-Streptococcus equinus-complex: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"54","author":"\u00d6berg","year":"2022","journal-title":"Infect Dis (Lond)"},{"key":"2024041017092097800_ciae040-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ofz437","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofz437","article-title":"Risk for endocarditis in bacteremia with Streptococcus-like bacteria: a retrospective population-based cohort study","volume":"6","author":"Berge","year":"2019","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024041017092097800_ciae040-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1080\/23744235.2023.2182910","article-title":"Time to positivity of blood cultures in bloodstream infections with Streptococcus dysgalactiae and association with outcome","volume":"55","author":"Bl\u00e4ckberg","year":"2023","journal-title":"Infect Dis (Lond)"},{"key":"2024041017092097800_ciae040-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-020-04035-y","article-title":"Epidemiology, bacteriology, and clinical characteristics of HACEK bacteremia and endocarditis: a population-based retrospective study","volume":"40","author":"Berge","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024041017092097800_ciae040-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2041","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciad120","article-title":"Revision of the diagnostic criteria for infective endocarditis is needed\u2014please do it thoroughly","volume":"76","author":"Rasmussen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024041017092097800_ciae040-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.04.059","article-title":"Prevalence of infective endocarditis in Enterococcus faecalis bacteremia","volume":"74","author":"Dahl","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2024041017092097800_ciae040-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2253","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-019-03667-z","article-title":"Incidence, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis bacteremia in a tertiary hospital: comparison with S. agalactiae bacteremia","volume":"38","author":"Park","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024041017092097800_ciae040-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2016.01.011","article-title":"Recurrent bacteremia with Streptococcus dysgalactiae: a case-control study","volume":"85","author":"Trell","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024041017092097800_ciae040-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-023-04607-8","article-title":"Incidence, seasonal pattern, and clinical manifestations of Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis bacteremia; a population-based study","volume":"42","author":"Nevanlinna","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024041017092097800_ciae040-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciad393","article-title":"Microorganisms that commonly cause infective endocarditis\u2014what about Aerococcus in the Duke-ISCVID criteria?","volume":"77","author":"Sunnerhagen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["Clinical Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cid\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/cid\/ciae040\/56785307\/ciae040.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cid\/article-pdf\/78\/4\/956\/57209291\/ciae040.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cid\/article-pdf\/78\/4\/956\/57209291\/ciae040.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,10]],"date-time":"2024-04-10T18:13:21Z","timestamp":1712772801000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cid\/article\/78\/4\/956\/7603758"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,8]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,8]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,10]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cid\/ciae040","relation":{},"ISSN":["1058-4838","1537-6591"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1058-4838","type":"print"},{"value":"1537-6591","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,15]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,8]]}}}