{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T13:54:27Z","timestamp":1793022867027,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":96,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,2]],"date-time":"2024-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706832000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Gram-negative antibiotic resistance continues to grow as a global problem due to the evolution and spread of \u03b2-lactamases. The early \u03b2-lactamase inhibitors (BLIs) are characterized by spectra limited to class A \u03b2-lactamases and ineffective against carbapenemases and most extended spectrum \u03b2-lactamases. In order to address this therapeutic need, newer BLIs were developed with the goal of treating carbapenemase producing, carbapenem resistant organisms (CRO), specifically targeting the Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC). These BL\/BLI combination drugs, avibactam\/avibactam, meropenem\/vaborbactam, and imipenem\/relebactam, have proven to be indispensable tools in this effort. However, non-KPC mechanisms of resistance are rising in prevalence and increasingly challenging to treat. It is critical for clinicians to understand the unique spectra of these BL\/BLIs with respect to non-KPC CRO. In Part 1of this 2-part series, we describe the non-KPC attributes of the newer BL\/BLIs with a focus on utility against Enterobacterales and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciae048","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,2]],"date-time":"2024-02-02T20:05:55Z","timestamp":1706904355000},"page":"33-42","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Non-KPC Attributes of Newer \u03b2-lactam\/\u03b2-lactamase Inhibitors, Part 1: Enterobacterales and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Andrew J","family":"Fratoni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Anti-Infective Research and Development, Hartford Hospital , Hartford, Connecticut , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew L","family":"Gethers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Anti-Infective Research and Development, Hartford Hospital , Hartford, Connecticut , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4148-0165","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David P","family":"Nicolau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Anti-Infective Research and Development, Hartford Hospital , Hartford, Connecticut , USA"},{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Hartford Hospital , Hartford, Connecticut , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4464-3126","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph L","family":"Kuti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Anti-Infective Research and Development, Hartford Hospital , Hartford, Connecticut , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024071918134482800_ciae048-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0000000000000682","article-title":"Unresolved issues in the identification and treatment of carbapenem-resistant gram-negative organisms","volume":"33","author":"Kois","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Opin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2024071918134482800_ciae048-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1776","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa122","article-title":"Carbapenem-resistant enterobacterales, carbapenem resistant organisms, carbapenemase-producing enterobacterales, and carbapenemase-producing organisms: terminology past its \u201cSell-By Date\u201d in an era of new antibiotics and regional carbapenemase epidemiology","volume":"71","author":"Livermore","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Infect 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