{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T13:09:19Z","timestamp":1792069759666,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,8]],"date-time":"2024-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728345600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Recent European Conference on Infections in Leukemia (ECIL) guidelines recommend a quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) guided preemptive treatment approach to toxoplasmosis in seropositive recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). Although qPCR might serve as a sensitive tool for early Toxoplasma detection, its role in treatment follow-up remains unknown.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We analyzed the qPCR kinetics of allo-HCT recipients experiencing either Toxoplasma infection (TI, n = 71) or disease (TD, n = 14) in relation to different parameters. We included 85 patients with available qPCR values expressed as quantitative cycle (Cq) from 4 large hematological centers from 2009 to 2023, and kinetic analysis was performed in a selection of 74 patients screened at least weekly with blood qPCR. Day 0 (D0) was the day of anti-Toxoplasma treatment start or (when untreated) day of diagnosis.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Time to qPCR negativity was inversely proportional to the Cq value at D0 (P = .0063). Not reaching negativity at D10 was associated with a significantly higher mortality at D30 (P = .023). Patients with a high D0-parasitic load and patients with TD showed slower clearance (P &amp;lt; .001, P = .032). Time to negativity was not significantly different for patients started on prophylactic versus curative doses as first-line treatment regimen (P = .16).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study underscores the predictive value of qPCR kinetics monitoring in allo-HCT patients with toxoplasmosis. With the aforementioned risk factors, clinicians can identify patients at high risk for worse outcome. Our results support to consider a therapeutic change or reinforcement if the parasitic load does not decrease after 10 days, supplementing existing clinical guidelines.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciae488","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,8]],"date-time":"2024-10-08T14:47:32Z","timestamp":1728398852000},"page":"561-569","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["<i>Toxoplasma<\/i> qPCR Kinetics to Guide Preemptive Treatment of Toxoplasmosis After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"81","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6337-6636","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robina","family":"Aerts","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven , Leuven ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alienor","family":"Xhaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H\u00f4pital Saint-Louis, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, service d'h\u00e9matologie-greffe, Assistance Publique des H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Saint Louis Hospital , Paris ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Robin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Haematology, Assistance Publique des H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Henri Mondor Hospital , Cr\u00e9teil ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas H","family":"Groll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Disease Research Program, Center for Bone Marrow Transplantation and Department of Pediatric Hematology\/Oncology, Children's University Hospital M\u00fcnster , M\u00fcnster ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Cordonnier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Haematology, Assistance Publique des H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Henri Mondor Hospital , Cr\u00e9teil ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8668-1350","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katrien","family":"Lagrou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven , Leuven ,","place":["Belgium"]},{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and National Reference Center for Mycosis, University Hospitals Leuven , Leuven ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"St\u00e9phane","family":"Bretagne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parasitology and Mycology laboratory, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, Assistance Publique des H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Saint Louis Hospital , Paris ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025100602573526600_ciae488-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1965","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16412-X","article-title":"Toxoplasmosis","volume":"363","author":"Montoya","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2025100602573526600_ciae488-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1497","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2408.180045","article-title":"Toxoplasmosis in transplant recipients, Europe, 2010\u20132014","volume":"24","author":"Robert-Gangneux","year":"2018","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"2025100602573526600_ciae488-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1086\/426447","article-title":"Early detection of Toxoplasma infection by molecular monitoring of Toxoplasma gondii in peripheral blood samples after 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