{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T03:10:41Z","timestamp":1792811441148,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,5]],"date-time":"2024-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728086400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01MH123396"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01MH123396"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K24AI167805"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K24AI167805"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5R37AI098472"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5R37AI098472"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23HL162578"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23HL162578"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We previously demonstrated at the Ward 86 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) clinic in San Francisco that long-acting (LA) cabotegravir (CAB)\/rilpivirine (RPV) (LA-CAB\/RPV) can rapidly lead to viral suppression in people with HIV (PWH) with viremia due to adherence challenges. We now evaluate the durability of viral suppression in this population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a retrospective cohort study of PWH who started LA-CAB\/RPV with viremia (HIV RNA viral load \u226550\u2005copies\/mL) before December 2022. Our primary outcome was viral suppression (viral load &amp;lt;50\u2005copies\/mL) with LA-CAB\/RPV persistence (not discontinued or late by &amp;gt;14 days) at 48 weeks, using the viral load closest to 48 \u00b1 8 weeks. We also describe viral failure, defined as a &amp;lt;2-log decline in viral load at 4 weeks or a viral load \u2265200\u2005copies\/mL after initial viral suppression with emergent CAB- or RPV-associated resistance mutations; overall 48-week viral suppression including those switched to alternative antiretroviral therapy (ART).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fifty-nine PWH initiated LA-CAB\/RPV with viremia and were included in the analysis; 49% had a CD4 cell count &amp;lt;200\/\u00b5L, and the median baseline viral load was 42 900\u2005copies\/mL (quarter 1\u2013quarter 3, 5272\u2013139 038). At 48 weeks, 47 PWH met the primary outcome of viral suppression with LA-CAB\/RPV persistence (80% [95% confidence interval, 67%\u201389%]). Five had viral failure with resistance (3 with RPV-associated and 2 with CAB- and RPV-associated mutations), and 1 was lost to follow-up. At week 48, 2 of those with viral failure were suppressed on alternative regimens (lenacapavir + bictegravir\/tenofovir alafenamide\/emtricitabine and CAB + lenacapavir). The overall viral suppression at week 48 with either LA-CAB\/RPV or alternative ART was 92% (54 of 59).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In PWH initiating LA-CAB\/RPV with initial viremia, 48-week viral suppression (&amp;lt;50\u2005copies\/mL) was seen in 92%. LA ART can be an important tool for improving viral suppression among patients who face adherence challenges to oral ART.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciae500","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]],"date-time":"2024-10-03T15:23:14Z","timestamp":1727968994000},"page":"864-870","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Viral Suppression Rates at 48 Weeks in People With HIV Starting Long-Acting Cabotegravir\/Rilpivirine With Initial Viremia"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"80","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8913-1602","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew D","family":"Hickey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of HIV, Infectious Disease, & Global Medicine, University of California , San Francisco, California ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathanael","family":"Gistand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of HIV, Infectious Disease, & Global Medicine, University of California , San Francisco, California ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janet","family":"Grochowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of HIV, Infectious Disease, & Global Medicine, University of California , San Francisco, California ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francis","family":"Mayorga-Munoz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of HIV, Infectious Disease, & Global Medicine, University of California , San Francisco, California ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3060-3596","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Imbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of HIV, Infectious Disease, & Global Medicine, University of California , San Francisco, California ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0287-9704","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John D","family":"Szumowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Disease, San Francisco VA Medical Center, University of California , San Francisco, California ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jon","family":"Oskarsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of HIV, Infectious Disease, & Global Medicine, University of California , San Francisco, California ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Shiels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of HIV, Infectious Disease, & Global Medicine, University of California , San Francisco, California ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samantha","family":"Dilworth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of HIV, Infectious Disease, & Global Medicine, University of California , San Francisco, California ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4602-5954","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ayesha","family":"Appa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of HIV, Infectious Disease, & Global Medicine, University of California , San Francisco, California ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diane V","family":"Havlir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of HIV, Infectious Disease, & Global Medicine, University of California , San Francisco, California ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7025-1994","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monica","family":"Gandhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of HIV, Infectious Disease, & Global Medicine, University of California , San Francisco, California ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8598-2191","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katerina","family":"Christopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of HIV, Infectious Disease, & Global Medicine, University of California , San Francisco, California 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Real-world use of long-acting cabotegravir + rilpivirine in people with HIV with detectable viral loads at initiation: findings from the OPERA\u00ae cohort","volume":"10","author":"Hsu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"key":"2025043020384871900_ciae500-B15","author":"Rana"},{"key":"2025043020384871900_ciae500-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1060","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2024.2985","article-title":"Updated treatment recommendation on use of cabotegravir and rilpivirine for people with HIV from the IAS-USA guidelines panel","volume":"331","author":"Sax","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2025043020384871900_ciae500-B17","author":"Panel on Antiretroviral Guidelines for Adults and Adolescents"},{"issue":"suppl 3","key":"2025043020384871900_ciae500-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S353","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiac267","article-title":"HIV treatment outcomes in POP-UP: drop-in HIV primary care model for people experiencing 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