{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T21:17:58Z","timestamp":1792099078767,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,2]],"date-time":"2025-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735776000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Tenofovir-containing antiretroviral therapy (ART) improves survival in hepatitis B virus (HBV)\u2013coinfected people with HIV (PWH). We investigated the incidence of hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection and its clinical impact in HBV-coinfected PWH in the era of tenofovir-containing ART.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Between 2011 and 2022, HBV-coinfected PWH were included and followed until December 2023. Anti-HDV antibody screening was performed using sequentially archived blood samples. Timing of incident HDV infection was estimated as the midpoint between the last timepoint of anti\u2013HDV-negative samples and the first timepoint of anti\u2013HDV-positive samples. Differences in survival and liver-related outcomes between HDV-infected and -uninfected PWH were analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>534 HBV-coinfected PWH were included; 36 (6.7%) tested HDV-seropositive at baseline. During 3987.78 person-years of follow-up (PYFU), 50 (10.0%) of 498 anti\u2013HDV-negative PWH seroconverted for HDV, with an overall incidence rate of 12.54 per 1000 PYFU; 88.0% (44\/50) of HDV seroconverters were men who have sex with men. After a median follow-up of 10.2 years (84.7% of the follow-up period covered by tenofovir-containing ART), all-cause mortality was 4.7% (25\/534). PWH with HDV had significantly higher rates of liver-related mortality (3.5% vs 0.4%, P = .032), cirrhosis (11.3% vs 3.6%, P = .008), and hepatitis flare (28.2% vs 14.2%, P = .001) than HDV-uninfected PWH. In multivariate Cox analysis, HDV infection was associated with liver-related mortality (adjusted HR, 9.696; 95% CI, 1.284\u201373.222, P = .028). Risk of hepatocellular carcinoma was similar for HDV-infected and HDV-uninfected PWH.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>HBV-coinfected PWH remain at risk of HDV superinfection and HDV infection is associated with liver-related death in the era of tenofovir-containing ART.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciae655","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]],"date-time":"2024-12-31T23:33:42Z","timestamp":1735688022000},"page":"1074-1082","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Incidence and Outcome of Hepatitis D Virus Infection in People With HIV and Hepatitis B Virus Coinfection in the Era of Tenofovir-Containing Antiretroviral Therapy"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"81","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9047-5709","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu-Shan","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine , Taipei ,","place":["Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsin-Yun","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine , Taipei ,","place":["Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shu-Yuan","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine , Taipei 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National Taiwan University College of Medicine , Taipei ,","place":["Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1879-4086","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Szu-Min","family":"Hsieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine , Taipei ,","place":["Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Chung","family":"Chuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine , Taipei ,","place":["Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li-Hsin","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine , Taipei 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