{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T13:21:39Z","timestamp":1783516899264,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]],"date-time":"2025-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738195200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women experience high sexually transmitted infection (STI) rates. This study evaluated the feasibility of doxycycline pre-exposure prophylaxis (doxyPrEP) for STI prevention in these key populations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sexually-active MSM and transgender women without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) with prior syphilis were recruited. Participants initiated HIV PrEP with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate\/emtricitabine (TDF\/FTC) daily for 48 weeks and were randomized 1:1 to daily doxyPrEP for 48 weeks (immediate arm), or doxyPrEP initiated at 24 weeks (deferred arm). Primary outcomes included adherence, measured using questionnaires, along with tolerability; STI incidence (chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis) was a secondary outcome. Nasal carriage of Staphylococccus aureus was assessed serially for doxycycline resistance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fifty-two participants were enrolled into the immediate (n = 26) and deferred (n = 26) arms. At 48 weeks, self-reported adherence (\u226595%) was 75.0% versus 66.7% (P = .538) for TDF\/FTC, and 70.8% versus 61.9% (P = .526) for doxycycline in the immediate versus deferred arms, respectively. No doxyPrEP-related serious adverse events occurred. Incidence of any STI at 24 weeks was reduced in the immediate versus deferred arms, and over 48 weeks, being on doxycycline (vs being off; ie, first 24 weeks of deferred arm) was associated with STI reduction (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.36; 95% confidence interval [CI]: .15\u2013.89). Emergent doxycycline-resistant S. aureus was identified in six individuals, with five in the immediate arm (P = .077).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Dual HIV\/doxyPrEP is feasible and associated with a significant reduction in incident STI. Further evaluation of dosing strategies, efficacy and impact on antimicrobial resistance is warranted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaf043","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]],"date-time":"2025-01-28T23:32:24Z","timestamp":1738107144000},"page":"1054-1062","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["A Pilot, Randomized Controlled Trial of Dual Daily HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infection Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Using Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate\/Emtricitabine and Doxycycline in Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex With Men and Transgender Women: The DuDHS Study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"82","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8039-6513","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Troy","family":"Grennan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Prevention Services, BC Centre for Disease Control , Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of 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Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wendy","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BC Centre for Excellence in HIV\/AIDS , Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenny","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BC Centre for Excellence in HIV\/AIDS , Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7815-0725","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jason","family":"Trigg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BC Centre for Excellence in HIV\/AIDS , Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4943-091X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Viviane D","family":"Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia , 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