{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T20:16:55Z","timestamp":1792441015803,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]],"date-time":"2025-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747699200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Bloodstream infections (BSIs) caused by carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli (CR-GNB) are difficult-to-treat infections associated with high mortality. Outcomes of BSI due to CR-GNB may vary in different countries.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prospective observational, multicenter study, including consecutive hospitalized index patients aged \u226518 years, with a positive blood culture for CR-GNB, between July 2020 and March 2022 in Argentina. Among patients with Klebsiella pneumoniae BSIs, logistic regressions adjusted by propensity score (PS) were used to identify variables associated with 30-day mortality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, 466 patients with CR-GNB BSIs were included. The mean age was 56.7 (SD \u00b116) years and most patients (75%) were in critical care units. The median INCREMENT-CPE mortality score was 10 (IQR, 6\u201312). Most common micro-organisms were K pneumoniae (53%) and Acinetobacter baumannii (25%). Among Enterobacterales, resistance mechanisms included K pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC) in 50%, metallo-beta-lactamase carbapenemase (MBL) in 48%, OXA carbapenemase in 6%, and a combination of carbapenemases in 5% of patients. Overall, 30-day mortality was 52%. Among patients with BSI due to K pneumoniae, the PS-adjusted multivariate analysis showed that an INCREMENT-CPE score \u22658 points (odds ratio [OR], 3.48; 95% CI, 1.53, 7.93) was associated with increased 30-day mortality. In contrast, the use of regimens including ceftazidime-avibactam alone or in combination with aztreonam was associated with decreased 30-day mortality (OR, .20; 95% CI, .09, .47).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>BSIs due to CR-GNB are associated with high mortality rates in Argentina. Among patients with CR-K pneumoniae bacteremia the use of ceftazidime-avibactam alone or in combination with aztreonam was associated with a reduction in mortality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaf259","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]],"date-time":"2025-05-20T17:53:08Z","timestamp":1747763588000},"page":"879-888","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli Bacteremia in Argentina (EMBARCAR): Findings From a Prospective, Multicenter Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"81","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0108-2813","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan Pablo","family":"Balbuena","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research and Infectious Diseases Service, Instituto M\u00e9dico Platense , La Plata ,","place":["Argentina"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9751-5208","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ezequiel","family":"Cordova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Unit (EC, MIL) and Department of Medicine (CS), Hospital General De Agudos Dr. Cosme Argerich , Buenos Aires ,","place":["Argentina"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Analia","family":"Mykietiuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research and Infectious Diseases Service, Instituto M\u00e9dico Platense , La Plata ,","place":["Argentina"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9521-0849","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Javier","family":"Farina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital Cuenca Alta Nestor Kirchner , Ca\u00f1uelas ,","place":["Argentina"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcelo","family":"Ga\u00f1ete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital Higa Evita , Lan\u00fas ,","place":["Argentina"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pablo","family":"Scapellato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Santojanni , Buenos Aires ,","place":["Argentina"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-8848-5711","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda In\u00e9s","family":"Lespada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Unit (EC, MIL) and Department of Medicine (CS), Hospital General De Agudos Dr. Cosme Argerich , Buenos Aires ,","place":["Argentina"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8472-7965","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esteban","family":"Nannini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Service, Sanatorio Brit\u00e1nico , Rosario ,","place":["Argentina"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-5135-6047","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosa","family":"Contreras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital Marcial Quiroga , San Juan ,","place":["Argentina"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2658-1299","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eleonora","family":"Cunto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, Hospital F. 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