{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T22:41:32Z","timestamp":1784068892499,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]],"date-time":"2025-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751932800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Clinical Research and Cultivation Project of Shanghai ShenKang Hospital Development Centre","award":["SHDC2020CR1011B"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SHDC2020CR1011B"]}]},{"name":"Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology","award":["HS2021SHZX001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HS2021SHZX001"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82102406"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82102406"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Shanghai's three-year plan for Public Health Talent Training","award":["GWVI-11.2-YQ03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GWVI-11.2-YQ03"]}]},{"name":"Independent Project of Shanghai Sci-Tech Inno Center for Infection & Immunity","award":["SSIII-202404"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SSIII-202404"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Preextensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (pre-XDR-TB) remains a critical public health threat because of limited treatment options and significant disease burden. Existing regimens have shown high success rates but are often inaccessible globally, necessitating alternative options.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study was an open-label, multicenter, single-arm study conducted in China to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a 6- to 9-month oral regimen. Eligible participants, aged 18\u201370 years with pulmonary pre-XDR-TB received a regimen of bedaquiline, linezolid, cycloserine, pyrazinamide, and\/or clofazimine. Pyrazinamide was either replaced with clofazimine or retained without clofazimine based on molecular susceptibility results. The primary efficacy endpoint was the percentage of participants with a favorable outcome at 84 weeks after treatment initiation in the modified intention-to-treat population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 89 patients with pre-XDR-TB were enrolled. At 84 weeks after treatment initiation in the modified intention-to-treat analysis, 62 of 80 participants (77.5%; 95% confidence interval, 67.2\u201385.3) had favorable outcomes. The 18 unfavorable outcomes were 5 regimen discontinuations or changes (6.3%; 4 due to adverse events and 1 decided by the local investigator), 4 bacteriological failures (5.0%), 4 withdrawals of consent (5.0%), 3 deaths (3.8%), and 2 losses to follow-up (2.5%). No relapse was reported after the end of treatment. Adverse events of grade 3 or higher were observed in 59.1% of participants, with QTc prolongation being the most frequently reported.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study demonstrated that an all-oral, bedaquiline-based regimen provides a viable treatment option for patients with pre-XDR-TB, achieving acceptable efficacy and manageable safety profiles.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaf351","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]],"date-time":"2025-07-04T07:53:22Z","timestamp":1751615602000},"page":"e502-e509","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A Short, All-oral Regimen for Pre-extensively Drug-resistant Tuberculosis: A Multicenter Open-label Single-arm 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