{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T16:03:54Z","timestamp":1784995434662,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769040000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001322","name":"South African Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AI183355"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI183355"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There is limited experience of the all-oral 6-month regimens containing bedaquiline, delamanid, linezolid, and levofloxacin or clofazimine (BDLLfx\/BDLCfz) in pregnant women with multidrug-resistant\/rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR\/RR-TB). We report maternal treatment, pregnancy, and infant outcomes to 12 months of age in a cohort of pregnant women treated with these regimens.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We included pregnant women treated for MDR\/RR-TB from September 2023 to January 2025 in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, in a prospective observational study. Outcomes were collected through ongoing record reviews. Infant clinical assessments were conducted at 6 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 25 pregnant women with MDR\/RR-TB, 21 received BDLLfx\/BDLCfz; 12 (57%) were diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus. Although 10 of the 21 (48%) treated women developed anemia, 18 (86%) had favorable treatment outcomes. All 21 infants were born alive, with a median gestational age 39 weeks (interquartile range [IQR], 38\u201340 weeks) and median birth weight 3160 g (IQR, 2818\u20133308 g). Three women had unfavorable pregnancy outcomes, with infants born prematurely (2 with low birth weight and 1 who developed respiratory distress syndrome). Of the 18 infants evaluated at 12 months, 10 (56%) had possible or confirmed unfavorable outcomes. Two infants had confirmed congenital anomalies and 3 possible congenital anomalies, but only 1 had first-trimester drug exposure. One infant died, another was diagnosed with MDR\/RR-TB and started on treatment, and 3 infants had signs\/symptoms of tuberculosis, necessitating referral for care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These limited data suggest that in pregnant women, the BDLLfx\/BDLCfz regimens have improved treatment and pregnancy outcomes compared to prior regimens. However, there is a high prevalence of unfavorable infant outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciag032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T12:20:02Z","timestamp":1768825202000},"page":"e1063-e1071","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Pregnant Women With Multidrug-Resistant\/Rifampicin-Resistant Tuberculosis and the All-Oral 6-Month Regimen: Experiences From a Patient Series in South Africa"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"82","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9205-9314","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marian","family":"Loveday","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"HIV and Other Infectious Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council , Durban ,","place":["South Africa"]},{"name":"CAPRISA-MRC HIV-TB Pathogenesis and Treatment Research Unit , Durban ,","place":["South Africa"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-1025-0494","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emma","family":"Clarence","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HIV and Other Infectious Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council , Durban ,","place":["South Africa"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sindisiwe","family":"Hlangu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HIV and Other Infectious Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council , Durban ,","place":["South Africa"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nalini","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King Dinuzulu Hospital Complex , Sydenham, Durban ,","place":["South Africa"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunitha","family":"Chotoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King Dinuzulu Hospital Complex , Sydenham, Durban ,","place":["South Africa"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3362-1818","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James C M","family":"Brust","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divisions of General Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine , NewYork, New York ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0134-5855","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catriona","family":"Waitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Institute, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University , Kampala ,","place":["Uganda"]},{"name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Liverpool , Liverpool ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7927-6506","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard","family":"Court","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town , Cape Town ,","place":["South Africa"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Furin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health and Social Development, Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center , Cleveland, Ohio ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026072511263183800_ciag032-B1","volume-title":"WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis. 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