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The panel\u2019s recommendations are based upon evidence derived from systematic literature reviews and adhere to a standardized methodology for rating the certainty of evidence and strength of recommendation according to the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) approach.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciag189","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T12:20:15Z","timestamp":1773404415000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["2026 Clinical Practice Guideline Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society on The Management of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Infants and Children Older than 3 Months of Age: The Use of Pleural fluid drainage compared to Surgical Debridement"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"given":"Shawn D","family":"St. Peter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Children\u2019s Mercy Kansas City , Kansas ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krow","family":"Ampofo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Utah , Utah ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Brogan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle Children\u2019s Hospital , Washington State ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael D","family":"Cabana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Academic General Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine , New York ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6085-1259","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia","family":"Espinosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University of South Florida , Florida ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4387-2605","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Todd A","family":"Florin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Emergency Medicine, Ann & Robert H. 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