{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T14:15:06Z","timestamp":1792764906696,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773705600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the factors associated with rate and time to serological response, serofast status, and seroreversion in people with HIV (PWH) with a first diagnosis of syphilis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The primary endpoint was serological response as determined by a 4-fold decline in rapid plasma regain (RPR) titer or seroreversion at 12 months. A secondary endpoint was cumulative serological response by 24 months of follow-up. Survival and multivariate analysis were used to compare different associated factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 184 PWH had a first syphilis episode in 642 person-years of follow-up. After treatment, the median time to serological response was 6.53 months (95% CI 6.055\u20137.012). In the Cox model, only secondary syphilis (HR 3.091, 95% CI 1.330\u201311.440; P = .013) and higher nadir CD4+ count (HR 1.002; 95% CI 1.001\u20131.004; P = .043) were associated with a faster response. At 12 months, 155 PWH (84%, 95% CI 78%\u201389%) achieved response and a lower baseline RPR (RR 0.972; 95% CI .947\u2013.997; P = .028) was associated with failure. After response, 79 (51%) with higher CD4+ count remained as serofast status, and 33 of them (46%) seroreverted during follow-up. Of the 29 PWH without response, 11 (38%) reached serological response in a longer follow-up (29.3 months, 95% CI 23.03\u201335.7), and 2 out of 4 (14%) had confirmed neurosyphilis, whereas 14 (48%) had reinfections. Thus, 89% of PWH had serological response by 24 months.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The time to serological response, the rate of serofast, and the outcome are the result of the interaction of nontreponemal test titers, syphilis stage, and the patient's immune status.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciag193","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T08:23:57Z","timestamp":1773822237000},"page":"174-182","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Long-Term Serologic Outcomes Following Treatment of Syphilis in People With HIV: A Prospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"83","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7639-8591","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 L","family":"Casado","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Ram\u00f3n y Cajal University Hospital , Madrid ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8553-6995","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pilar","family":"Vizcarra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Ram\u00f3n y Cajal University Hospital , Madrid ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Izuzquiza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Ram\u00f3n y Cajal University Hospital , Madrid ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1783-9318","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mario J","family":"Rodriguez-Dominguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Instituto Ram\u00f3n y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IRYCIS), Ramon y Cajal University Hospital, Spanish Biomedical Research Center Network in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) , Madrid ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatriz","family":"Romero-Hernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Instituto Ram\u00f3n y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IRYCIS), Ramon y Cajal University Hospital, Spanish Biomedical Research Center Network in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) , Madrid ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4407-3864","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Moreno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Ram\u00f3n y Cajal University Hospital , Madrid ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5360-878X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alejandro","family":"Vallejo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Immunovirology, Instituto Ram\u00f3n y Cajal de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IRyCIS), Ram\u00f3n y Cajal University Hospital , Madrid ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026072309011957100_ciag193-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S89","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciab1055","article-title":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's sexually transmitted diseases infection guidelines","volume":"74","author":"Workowski","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026072309011957100_ciag193-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp048126","article-title":"Syphilis 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