{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T02:43:14Z","timestamp":1773283394256,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,15]]},"DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,23]],"date-time":"2012-02-23T01:27:50Z","timestamp":1329960470000},"page":"1100-1106","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["Multidrug-Resistant Typhoid Fever With Neurologic Findings on the Malawi-Mozambique Border"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Emily","family":"Lutterloh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Likaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Sejvar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Manda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeremias","family":"Naiene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephan S.","family":"Monroe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tadala","family":"Khaila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Benson","family":"Chilima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Macpherson","family":"Mallewa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sam D.","family":"Kampondeni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sara A.","family":"Lowther","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Linda","family":"Capewell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kashmira","family":"Date","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Townes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanique","family":"Redwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joshua G.","family":"Schier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Nygren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beth","family":"Tippett Barr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Austin","family":"Demby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abel","family":"Phiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rudia","family":"Lungu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Kaphiyo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Humphrys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Deborah","family":"Talkington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Joyce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lauren J.","family":"Stockman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregory L.","family":"Armstrong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Mintz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425172725_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1770","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra020201","article-title":"Typhoid fever","volume":"347","year":"2002","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425172725_bib2","first-page":"346","article-title":"The global burden of typhoid fever","volume":"82","year":"2004","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425172725_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1414","DOI":"10.1086\/315367","article-title":"A hospital-based prevalence survey of bloodstream infections in febrile patients in Malawi: implications for diagnosis and therapy","volume":"181","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425172725_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1086\/529146","article-title":"Epidemics of invasive Salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis and S. enterica serovar Typhimurium infection associated with multidrug resistance among adults and children in Malawi","volume":"46","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425172725_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-200004000-00010","article-title":"Bacteremia in febrile Malawian children: clinical and microbiologic features","volume":"19","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425172725_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1053\/jinf.2000.0779","article-title":"Bacteraemia and mortality among adult medical admissions in Malawi\u2014predominance of non-Typhi salmonellae and Streptococcus pneumoniae","volume":"42","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425172725_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e318187a87d","article-title":"Community-acquired bacteremia among children admitted to a rural hospital in Mozambique","volume":"28","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425172725_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.2002.tb11398.x","article-title":"Molecular characterization of antibiotic resistance in clinical Salmonella Typhi isolated in Ghana","volume":"215","year":"2002","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Lett"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425172725_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1086\/343052","article-title":"Trends of multiple-drug resistance among Salmonella serotype Typhi isolates during a 14-year period in Egypt","volume":"35","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425172725_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1477","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.4.1477-1482.2004","article-title":"Characterization of multidrug-resistant typhoid outbreaks in Kenya","volume":"42","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425172725_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2004.04.009","article-title":"Multidrug resistance in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi isolated from patients with typhoid fever complications in Lagos, Nigeria","volume":"119","year":"2005","journal-title":"Public Health"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425172725_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2008.12.006","article-title":"An outbreak of peritonitis caused by multidrug-resistant Salmonella Typhi in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo","volume":"7","year":"2009","journal-title":"Travel Med Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425172725_bib13","first-page":"91","article-title":"An outbreak of multiresistant Salmonella Typhi in South Africa","volume":"82","year":"1992","journal-title":"Q J Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425172725_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2010.09-0578","article-title":"Antimicrobial drug resistance trends of bacteremia isolates in a rural hospital in southern Mozambique","volume":"83","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425172725_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1448","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1609.100125","article-title":"Typhoid fever and invasive nontyphoid salmonellosis, Malawi and South Africa","volume":"16","year":"2010","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425172725_bib16"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425172725_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2006.3.59","article-title":"Standardization of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis protocols for the subtyping of Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella, and Shigella for PulseNet","volume":"3","year":"2006","journal-title":"Foodborne Pathog Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425172725_bib18","article-title":"Diversity of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi isolates collected from eastern African countries based on pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and antimicrobial susceptibility testing","volume-title":"Poster presented at the International Conference on Emerging Infectious Diseases (ICEID)","year":"2010"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425172725_bib19","volume-title":"The principles and practice of medicine","year":"1892"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425172725_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1972.00490130009002","article-title":"Neuropsychiatric manifestations of typhoid fever in 959 patients","volume":"27","year":"1972","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425172725_bib21","first-page":"95","article-title":"Neuro-psychiatric manifestations of typhoid","volume":"80","year":"1977","journal-title":"J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425172725_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(86)90202-6","article-title":"Acute cerebellar ataxia in enteric fever","volume":"80","year":"1986","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425172725_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.1997.tb00145.x","article-title":"Spectrum of neuropsychiatric complications in 791 cases of typhoid fever","volume":"2","year":"1997","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425172725_bib24","first-page":"184","article-title":"Nephritis and cerebellar ataxia: rare presenting features of enteric fever","volume":"46","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Postgrad Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425172725_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2009.06.003","article-title":"Early small bowel perforation and cochleovestibular impairment as rare complications of typhoid fever","volume":"7","year":"2009","journal-title":"Travel Med Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425172725_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.48.7.695","article-title":"Cerebellar ataxia in enteric fever","volume":"48","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosur PS"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425172725_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073808316779","article-title":"Transient dysautonomia and cerebellitis in childhood enteric fever","volume":"23","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Child Neurol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425172725_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-9-115","article-title":"A typhoid fever outbreak in a slum of South Dumdum municipality, West Bengal, India, 2007: evidence for foodborne and waterborne transmission","volume":"9","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425172725_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-9-476","article-title":"Investigation of a community outbreak of typhoid fever associated with drinking water","volume":"9","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425172725_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1258\/td.2010.090438","article-title":"Multidrug resistant typhoid fever outbreak in Ercek village\u2014Van, Eastern Anatolia, Turkey: clinical profile, sensitivity patterns, and response to antimicrobials","volume":"40","year":"2010","journal-title":"Trop Doct"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425172725_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268801006033","article-title":"Restaurant-associated outbreak of Salmonella Typhi in Nauru: an epidemiological and cost analysis","volume":"127","year":"2001","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425172725_bib32","article-title":"Outbreak of typhoid fever with high rate of intestinal perforations, Kasese District, Uganda\u20142008\u20132009","volume-title":"Presented at the 58th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","year":"2009"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425172725_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-5-49","article-title":"Treatment failure in a typhoid patient infected with nalidixic acid resistant S. enterica serovar Typhi with reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin: a case report from Cameroon","volume":"5","year":"2005","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425172725_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0b013e32830f453a","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance in typhoidal and nontyphoidal salmonellae","volume":"21","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Opin Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425172725_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1278","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01509-07","article-title":"Clinical response and outcome of infection with Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi with decreased susceptibility to fluoroquinolones: a United States FoodNet multicenter retrospective cohort study","volume":"52","year":"2008","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425172725_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1086\/427503","article-title":"Typhoid fever: a massive, single-point source, multidrug-resistant outbreak in Nepal","volume":"40","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425172725_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1416","DOI":"10.1086\/314766","article-title":"A massive epidemic of multidrug-resistant typhoid fever in Tajikistan associated with consumption of municipal water","volume":"179","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425172725_bib38","first-page":"49","article-title":"Typhoid vaccines: WHO position paper","volume":"83","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2008","journal-title":"Wkly Epidemiol Rec"}],"container-title":["Clinical Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cid\/article-pdf\/54\/8\/1100\/13803782\/cis012.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,20]],"date-time":"2024-04-20T07:03:37Z","timestamp":1713596617000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cid\/article-lookup\/doi\/10.1093\/cid\/cis012"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,22]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cid\/cis012","relation":{},"ISSN":["1058-4838","1537-6591"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1058-4838","type":"print"},{"value":"1537-6591","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,22]]}}}