{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T20:39:11Z","timestamp":1790800751130,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P01 HD 064915"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P01 HD 064915"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32 T32AI07140"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32 T32AI07140"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K01 AI116298"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01 AI116298"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K24 HD054314"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K24 HD054314"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007813","name":"University of Washington Center for AIDS Research","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["P30 AI27757"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30 AI27757"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007813","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"University of Washington Global Center for Integrated Health of Women Adolescents and Children"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background.<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk assessment tool for pregnant women could identify women who would most benefit from preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) while minimizing unnecessary PrEP exposure.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods.<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Data from a prospective study of incident HIV among pregnant\/postpartum women in Kenya were randomly divided into derivation (n = 654) and validation (n = 650) cohorts. A risk score was derived using multivariate Cox proportional hazards models and standard clinical prediction rules. Ability of the tool to predict maternal HIV acquisition was assessed using the area under the curve (AUC) and Brier score.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results.<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The final risk score included the following predictors: having a male partner with unknown HIV status, number of lifetime sexual partners, syphilis, bacterial vaginosis (BV), and vaginal candidiasis. In the derivation cohort, AUC was 0.84 (95% confidence interval [CI], .72\u2013.95) and each point increment in score was associated with a 52% (hazard ratio [HR], 1.52 [95% CI, 1.32\u20131.76]; P &amp;lt; .001) increase in HIV risk; the Brier score was 0.11. In the validation cohort, the score had similar AUC, Brier score, and estimated HRs. A simplified score that excluded BV and candidiasis yielded an AUC of 0.76 (95% CI, .67\u2013.85); HIV incidence was higher among women with risk scores &amp;gt;6 than with scores \u22646 (7.3 vs 1.1 per 100 person-years, respectively; P &amp;lt; .001). Women with simplified scores &amp;gt;6 accounted for 16% of the population but 56% of HIV acquisitions.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions.<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A combination of indicators routinely assessed in antenatal clinics was predictive of HIV risk and could be used to prioritize pregnant women for PrEP.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw850","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,13]],"date-time":"2016-12-13T04:05:52Z","timestamp":1481601952000},"page":"751-758","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["A Risk Assessment Tool for Identifying Pregnant and Postpartum Women Who May Benefit From Preexposure Prophylaxis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Jillian","family":"Pintye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health 1 ,"},{"name":"Family and Child Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle 2 ;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alison L.","family":"Drake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health 1 ,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Kinuthia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research and Programs, Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya 3 ;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer A.","family":"Unger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health 1 ,"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology 4 ,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Matemo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research and Programs, Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya 3 ;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renee A.","family":"Heffron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health 1 ,"},{"name":"Epidemiology, 6 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruanne V.","family":"Barnabas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health 1 ,"},{"name":"Medicine 5 ,"},{"name":"Epidemiology, 6 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pamela","family":"Kohler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health 1 ,"},{"name":"Psychosocial and Community Health, University of Washington, Seattle 7 ;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. Scott","family":"McClelland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health 1 ,"},{"name":"Medicine 5 ,"},{"name":"Epidemiology, 6 and"},{"name":"University of Nairobi Institute of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, University of Nairobi 8 ,","place":["Kenya"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grace","family":"John-Stewart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health 1 ,"},{"name":"Medicine 5 ,"},{"name":"Epidemiology, 6 and"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle 9"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024111411403262300_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1582","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1112489","article-title":"HIV\/AIDS in women: an expanding 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