{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T10:13:17Z","timestamp":1790244797197,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,15]]},"DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix852","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,20]],"date-time":"2017-09-20T19:13:27Z","timestamp":1505934807000},"page":"699-705","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":78,"title":["Association of Obesity, Diabetes, and Risk of Tuberculosis: Two Population-Based Cohorts"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Hsien-Ho","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chieh-Yin","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chih-Hui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Knut","family":"L\u00f6nnroth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stop TB Department, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi-Cheng","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, National Taiwan University"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yen-Tsung","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180306210506_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.03.041","article-title":"Drivers of tuberculosis epidemics: the role of risk factors and social determinants","volume":"68","author":"L\u00f6nnroth","year":"2009","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180306210506_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(06)70523-0","article-title":"Obesity and infection","volume":"6","author":"Falagas","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180306210506_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyp308","article-title":"A consistent log-linear relationship between tuberculosis incidence and body mass index","volume":"39","author":"L\u00f6nnroth","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180306210506_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1377","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)30054-X","article-title":"Trends in adult body-mass index in 200 countries from 1975 to 2014: a pooled analysis of 1698 population-based measurement studies with 19.2 million participants","volume":"387","author":"NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC)","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180306210506_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1513","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)00618-8","article-title":"Worldwide trends in diabetes since 1980: a pooled analysis of 751 population-based studies with 4.4 million participants","volume":"387","author":"NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC)","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180306210506_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200904-0549OC","article-title":"Association between tobacco smoking and active tuberculosis in Taiwan: prospective cohort study","volume":"180","author":"Lin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180306210506_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1002072","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002072","article-title":"Glycemic control and the risk of tuberculosis: a cohort study","volume":"13","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180306210506_CIT0008","volume-title":"Taiwan guidelines for TB diagnosis & treatment","author":"Centers for Disease Control, Ministry of Health and Welfare, R.O.C. (Taiwan)","year":"2013","edition":"5th ed"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180306210506_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/82.4.669","article-title":"Causal diagrams for empirical research","volume":"82","author":"Pearl","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biometrika"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180306210506_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.3841","article-title":"Dose-response analyses using restricted cubic spline functions in public health research","volume":"29","author":"Desquilbet","year":"2010","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180306210506_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-199203000-00013","article-title":"Identifiability and exchangeability for direct and indirect effects","volume":"3","author":"Robins","year":"1992","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180306210506_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwq332","article-title":"Odds ratios for mediation analysis for a dichotomous outcome","volume":"172","author":"Vanderweele","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180306210506_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1037\/a0031034","article-title":"Mediation analysis allowing for exposure-mediator interactions and causal interpretation: theoretical assumptions and implementation with SAS and SPSS macros","volume":"18","author":"Valeri","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychol Methods"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180306210506_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.167.12.1297","article-title":"Lower risk of tuberculosis in obesity","volume":"167","author":"Leung","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180306210506_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kws007","article-title":"Nutritional risk factors for tuberculosis among adults in the United States, 1971-1992","volume":"176","author":"Cegielski","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180306210506_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-015-0381-9","article-title":"Risk of tuberculosis in patients with diabetes: population based cohort study using the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink","volume":"13","author":"Pealing","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180306210506_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0000000000000390","article-title":"Mediation analysis of hepatitis B and C in relation to hepatocellular carcinoma risk","volume":"27","author":"Huang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180306210506_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e43","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0000043","article-title":"Is adipose tissue a place for Mycobacterium tuberculosis persistence","volume":"1","author":"Neyrolles","year":"2006","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180306210506_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0800437","article-title":"Serum leptin concentration is associated with total body fat mass, but not abdominal fat distribution","volume":"21","author":"Shimizu","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180306210506_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3137","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.174.6.3137","article-title":"Leptin in immunology","volume":"174","author":"Matarese","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180306210506_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.4236\/oji.2014.42006","article-title":"An overview of leptin and the Th1\/Th2 balance","volume":"4","author":"Brito D\u00edaz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Open J Immunol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180306210506_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxh317","article-title":"Pulmonary Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in leptin-deficient ob\/ob mice","volume":"17","author":"Wieland","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int Immunol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180306210506_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.127.2.643","article-title":"A cholesterol-rich diet accelerates bacteriologic sterilization in pulmonary tuberculosis","volume":"127","author":"P\u00e9rez-Guzm\u00e1n","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180306210506_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2006.11.016","article-title":"The changing epidemiology of prevalent diagnosed HIV infections in Taiwan, 1984-2005","volume":"19","author":"Yang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Drug Policy"}],"container-title":["Clinical Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cid\/article-pdf\/66\/5\/699\/24266151\/cix852.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]],"date-time":"2024-06-27T03:40:37Z","timestamp":1719459637000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cid\/article\/66\/5\/699\/4209300"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,26]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,26]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cid\/cix852","relation":{},"ISSN":["1058-4838","1537-6591"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1058-4838","type":"print"},{"value":"1537-6591","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,26]]}}}