{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T12:38:13Z","timestamp":1789907893341,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,15]],"date-time":"2018-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1515974400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/about_us\/legal\/notices"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004008","name":"Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["40H.83"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["40H.83"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004008","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,18]]},"DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy030","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,13]],"date-time":"2018-01-13T15:09:24Z","timestamp":1515856164000},"page":"65-72","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of JC Virus DNA in Plasma in Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Francesca","family":"Ferretti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arabella","family":"Bestetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Constantin T","family":"Yiannoutsos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University R. M. Fairbanks School of Public Health"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beverly S","family":"Musick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simonetta","family":"Gerevini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroradiology Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Passeri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simona","family":"Bossolasco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Boschini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"San Patrignano Medical Center, Ospitaletto di Rimini"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diego","family":"Franciotta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, \u2018C. Mondino\u2019 National Neurological Institute, Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriano","family":"Lazzarin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Cinque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180618194842_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1111\/apm.12128","article-title":"The human JC polyomavirus (JCPyV): virological background and clinical implications","volume":"121","author":"Hirsch","year":"2013","journal-title":"APMIS"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180618194842_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(09)70226-9","article-title":"Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in HIV-1 infection","volume":"9","author":"Cinque","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180618194842_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199701000-00003","article-title":"Diagnosis of central nervous system complications in HIV-infected patients: cerebrospinal fluid analysis by the polymerase chain reaction","volume":"11","author":"Cinque","year":"1997","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180618194842_CIT0004","volume-title":"Guidelines for the prevention and treatment of opportunistic infections in HIV-infected adults and adolescents: recommendations from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Institutes of Health, and the HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America","author":"Panel on Opportunistic Infections in HIV-Infected Adults and Adolescents"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180618194842_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1430","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31828c2fa1","article-title":"PML diagnostic criteria: consensus statement from the AAN neuroinfectious disease section","volume":"80","author":"Berger","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180618194842_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1086\/427698","article-title":"Prognostic significance of JC virus DNA levels in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with HIV-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy","volume":"40","author":"Bossolasco","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180618194842_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1086\/597126","article-title":"Prevalence of polyomavirus BK and JC infection and replication in 400 healthy blood donors","volume":"199","author":"Egli","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180618194842_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2288","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.35.9.2288-2292.1997","article-title":"Latency and reactivation of JC virus in peripheral blood of human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected patients","volume":"35","author":"Dubois","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180618194842_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.52.2.253","article-title":"JC virus DNA load in patients with and without progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy","volume":"52","author":"Koralnik","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180618194842_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.3109\/13550289909029484","article-title":"Detection of JC virus DNA in peripheral blood cell subpopulations of HIV-1-infected individuals","volume":"5","author":"Koralnik","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Neurovirol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180618194842_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0904267","article-title":"Asymptomatic reactivation of JC virus in patients treated with natalizumab","volume":"361","author":"Chen","year":"2009","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180618194842_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1551","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181c0d4a1","article-title":"Determinants of survival in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy","volume":"73","author":"Marzocchetti","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180618194842_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2009.201079","article-title":"No evidence of JC virus reactivation in natalizumab treated multiple sclerosis patients: an 18 month follow-up study","volume":"81","author":"Rinaldi","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180618194842_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22107","article-title":"Assessment of JC virus DNA in blood and urine from natalizumab-treated patients","volume":"68","author":"Rudick","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180618194842_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2240","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1214233","article-title":"JC viremia in natalizumab-treated patients with multiple sclerosis","volume":"368","author":"Major","year":"2013","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180618194842_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22128","article-title":"Anti-JC virus antibodies: implications for PML risk stratification","volume":"68","author":"Gorelik","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180618194842_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1111\/tid.12465","article-title":"JC polyomavirus viremia and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in human leukocyte antigen-sensitized kidney transplant recipients desensitized with intravenous immunoglobulin and rituximab","volume":"17","author":"Toyoda","year":"2015","journal-title":"Transpl Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180618194842_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8249(199906)45:6<816::AID-ANA21>3.0.CO;2-W","article-title":"Relation of JC virus DNA in the cerebrospinal fluid to survival in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients with biopsy-proven progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy","volume":"45","author":"Yiannoutsos","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180618194842_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jir198","article-title":"Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) development is associated with mutations in JC virus capsid protein VP1 that change its receptor specificity","volume":"204","author":"Gorelik","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180618194842_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1080\/13550280390241188","article-title":"Identical rearranged forms of JC polyomavirus transcriptional control region in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy","volume":"9","author":"Fedele","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Neurovirol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180618194842_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jir256","article-title":"Sequencing and analysis of JC virus DNA from natalizumab-treated PML patients","volume":"204","author":"Reid","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180618194842_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1340","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02565-14","article-title":"JC virus quasispecies analysis reveals a complex viral population underlying progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and supports viral dissemination via the hematogenous route","volume":"89","author":"Van Loy","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180618194842_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5323","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI76629","article-title":"Human glial chimeric mice reveal astrocytic dependence of JC virus infection","volume":"124","author":"Kondo","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180618194842_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1086\/597117","article-title":"Detection of JC virus DNA and proteins in the bone marrow of HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients: implications for viral latency and neurotropic transformation","volume":"199","author":"Tan","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180618194842_CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(10)70006-5","article-title":"Immune responses to JC virus in patients with multiple sclerosis treated with natalizumab: a cross-sectional and longitudinal study","volume":"9","author":"Jilek","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180618194842_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2258","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182768983","article-title":"Impairment of JCV-specific T-cell response by corticotherapy: effect on PML-IRIS management","volume":"79","author":"Antoniol","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180618194842_CIT0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.70.4.1088","article-title":"Effects of adrenal glucocorticoids on polyoma virus replication","volume":"70","author":"Morhenn","year":"1973","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180618194842_CIT0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2398","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.68.4.2398-2408.1994","article-title":"A steroid hormone response unit in the late leader of the noncoding control region of the human polyomavirus BK confers enhanced host cell permissivity","volume":"68","author":"Moens","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180618194842_CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1759","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e32830a5043","article-title":"Cidofovir in addition to antiretroviral treatment is not effective for AIDS-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: a multicohort analysis","volume":"22","author":"De Luca","year":"2008","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180618194842_CIT0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1816","DOI":"10.1086\/314496","article-title":"Prognostic value of JC virus load in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy","volume":"178","author":"Taoufik","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180618194842_CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1568","DOI":"10.1086\/340535","article-title":"JC virus load in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: analysis of the correlation between the viral burden in cerebrospinal fluid, patient survival, and the volume of neurological lesions","volume":"34","author":"Garc\u00eda De Viedma","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180618194842_CIT0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410440309","article-title":"Predictive factors for prolonged survival in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy","volume":"44","author":"Berger","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180618194842_CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306ra151","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aab1720","article-title":"JC polyomavirus mutants escape antibody-mediated neutralization","volume":"7","author":"Ray","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"}],"container-title":["Clinical Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cid\/article-pdf\/67\/1\/65\/25048030\/ciy030.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,25]],"date-time":"2020-10-25T12:09:05Z","timestamp":1603627745000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cid\/article\/67\/1\/65\/4808594"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,15]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,18]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cid\/ciy030","relation":{},"ISSN":["1058-4838","1537-6591"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1058-4838","type":"print"},{"value":"1537-6591","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,15]]}}}