{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T08:40:56Z","timestamp":1773304856396,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,17]],"date-time":"2018-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1523923200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012807","name":"Midwestern University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Non-guideline-endorsed posttreatment courses of antibiotics for post\u2013Lyme disease syndrome (PLDS) have been linked to adverse patient outcomes, but these findings have yet to be validated in large systematic evaluations.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A retrospective cohort analysis of medical and pharmacy claims derived from the Truven Health Market Scan Commercial Claims and Encounters Database assessed 90-day incidence rates of adverse events (AEs) associated with PLDS treatment (PLDS-Tx). Patients were diagnosed with PLDS \u22656 months after initial diagnosis and standard antibiotic treatment for Lyme disease. Comparison cohorts included intravenous (IV) PLDS-Tx with or without oral antibiotics; oral antibiotic\u2013only PLDS-Tx; or neither.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Composite AE incidence rates were higher for patients treated with IV or oral PLDS-Tx than for patients not receiving either treatment (18.7%, 16.8%, and 13.4%, respectively; P = .019). Significant between-group differences in AE incidence rates were noted for electrolyte imbalance (4.0%, 1.5%, and 0.7%, respectively; P = .001) and infection (14.0%, 12.7%, and 9.3%; P = .006). Infection prevalence increased by 22.0% in the IV treatment group and 17.7% in the oral group. Incidence rates for all-cause and AE-related hospital stays and emergency department visits were higher for treated than nontreated patients, particularly when treatment was IV (all P &amp;lt; .01). Of IV-treated patients, 7.3% experienced an incident all-cause inpatient stay and 11.3% an incident all-cause emergency department visit, compared with, respectively, 2.2% and 3.4% of those treated with oral antibiotics and 0.9% and 1.9% of nontreated patients.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Use of IV therapies or oral antibiotics for PLDS was associated with increased patient morbidity within 90 days.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy329","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,13]],"date-time":"2018-04-13T19:14:08Z","timestamp":1523646848000},"page":"1568-1574","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Adverse Events Associated With Antibiotics and Intravenous Therapies for Post\u2013Lyme Disease Syndrome in a Commercially Insured Sample"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Kellie J","family":"Goodlet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Practice, Midwestern University College of Pharmacy, Glendale, Arizona"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kathleen A","family":"Fairman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Practice, Midwestern University College of Pharmacy, Glendale, Arizona"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024111411403899900_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.ss6622a1","article-title":"Surveillance for Lyme disease\u2014United States, 2008\u20132015","volume":"66","author":"Schwartz","year":"2017","journal-title":"MMWR Surveill Summ"},{"key":"2024111411403899900_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu397","article-title":"Lyme disease testing by large commercial laboratories in 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