{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T03:51:52Z","timestamp":1793505112587,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,21]],"date-time":"2018-06-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1529539200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008359","name":"Maag Lever Darm Stichting","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Landelijke Vereniging van Crematoria"},{"name":"Zeldzame Ziekte Fonds"},{"name":"Christine Bader Stichting Irene Kinderziekenhuis"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The intestinal microbiota has increasingly been considered to play a role in the etiology of late-onset sepsis (LOS). We hypothesize that early alterations in fecal volatile organic compounds (VOCs), reflecting intestinal microbiota composition and function, allow for discrimination between infants developing LOS and controls in a preclinical stage.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In 9 neonatal intensive care units in the Netherlands and Belgium, fecal samples of preterm infants born at a gestational age \u226430 weeks were collected daily, up to the postnatal age of 28 days. Fecal VOC were measured by high-field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS). VOC profiles of LOS infants, up to 3 days prior to clinical LOS onset, were compared with profiles from matched controls.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In total, 843 preterm born infants (gestational age \u226430 weeks) were included. From 127 LOS cases and 127 matched controls, fecal samples were analyzed by means of FAIMS. Fecal VOCs allowed for preclinical discrimination between LOS and control infants. Focusing on individual pathogens, fecal VOCs differed significantly between LOS cases and controls at all predefined time points. Highest accuracy rates were obtained for sepsis caused by Escherichia coli, followed by sepsis caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Fecal VOC analysis allowed for preclinical discrimination between infants developing LOS and matched controls. Early detection of LOS may provide clinicians a window of opportunity for timely initiation of individualized therapeutic strategies aimed at prevention of sepsis, possibly improving LOS-related morbidity and mortality.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy383","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,27]],"date-time":"2018-04-27T11:10:40Z","timestamp":1524827440000},"page":"70-77","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Late-onset Sepsis in Preterm Infants Can Be Detected Preclinically by Fecal Volatile Organic Compound Analysis: A Prospective, Multicenter Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Daniel J C","family":"Berkhout","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Emma Children\u2019s Hospital\/Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Britt J","family":"van Keulen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Emma Children\u2019s Hospital\/Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hendrik J","family":"Niemarkt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, M\u00e1xima Medical Center, Veldhoven"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jet R","family":"Bessem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Willem P","family":"de Boode","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Amalia Children\u2019s Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veerle","family":"Cossey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neil","family":"Hoogenes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christiaan V","family":"Hulzebos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Beatrix Children\u2019s Hospital\/University Medical Center Groningen"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ellen","family":"Klaver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Andriessen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, M\u00e1xima Medical Center, Veldhoven"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anton H","family":"van Kaam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam"},{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Emma Children\u2019s Hospital\/Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boris W","family":"Kramer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Zwolle"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard A","family":"van Lingen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Amalia Children\u2019s Centre\/Isala, Zwolle"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aaron","family":"Schouten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes B","family":"van Goudoever","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Emma Children\u2019s Hospital\/Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel C","family":"Vijlbrief","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Wilhelmina Children\u2019s Hospital\/University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mirjam M","family":"van Weissenbruch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, VU 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