{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T14:08:39Z","timestamp":1791295719837,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000030","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CDC-RFA-CK17-1701"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CDC-RFA-CK17-1701"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007270","name":"University of Michigan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1U01 IP001034"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1U01 IP001034"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007270","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013384","name":"Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1U01 IP001037"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1U01 IP001037"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013384","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011625","name":"Marshfield Clinic Research Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1U01 IP001038"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1U01 IP001038"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011625","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014109","name":"Baylor Scott and White Healthcare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1U01 IP001039"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1U01 IP001039"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014109","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007921","name":"University of Pittsburgh","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1U01 IP001035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1U01 IP001035"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007921","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1TR001857"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1TR001857"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The severity of the 2017\u20132018 influenza season in the United States was high, with influenza A(H3N2) viruses predominating. Here, we report influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) and estimate the number of vaccine-prevented influenza-associated illnesses, medical visits, hospitalizations, and deaths for the 2017\u20132018 influenza season.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We used national age-specific estimates of 2017\u20132018 influenza vaccine coverage and disease burden. We estimated VE against medically attended reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction\u2013confirmed influenza virus infection in the ambulatory setting using a test-negative design. We used a compartmental model to estimate numbers of influenza-associated outcomes prevented by vaccination.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The VE against outpatient, medically attended, laboratory-confirmed influenza was 38% (95% confidence interval [CI], 31%\u201343%), including 22% (95% CI, 12%\u201331%) against influenza A(H3N2), 62% (95% CI, 50%\u201371%) against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, and 50% (95% CI, 41%\u201357%) against influenza B. We estimated that influenza vaccination prevented 7.1 million (95% CrI, 5.4 million\u20139.3 million) illnesses, 3.7 million (95% CrI, 2.8 million\u20134.9 million) medical visits, 109 000 (95% CrI, 39 000\u2013231 000) hospitalizations, and 8000 (95% credible interval [CrI], 1100\u201321 000) deaths. Vaccination prevented 10% of expected hospitalizations overall and 41% among young children (6 months\u20134 years).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite 38% VE, influenza vaccination reduced a substantial burden of influenza-associated illness, medical visits, hospitalizations, and deaths in the United States during the 2017\u20132018 season. Our results demonstrate the benefit of current influenza vaccination and the need for improved vaccines.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciz075","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,23]],"date-time":"2019-01-23T06:27:44Z","timestamp":1548224864000},"page":"1845-1853","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":281,"title":["Effects of Influenza Vaccination in the United States During the 2017\u20132018 Influenza Season"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"69","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0483-9941","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melissa A","family":"Rolfes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brendan","family":"Flannery","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, 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