{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T16:53:53Z","timestamp":1762102433325,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,14]],"date-time":"2019-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1571011200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01MH098728"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01MH098728"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K01AI118559"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01AI118559"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Malnutrition is a common clinical concern among children in low-income communities affected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We examined the effect of a community-based nutritional intervention on anthropometric and clinical outcomes of children of women living with HIV in rural India.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We assigned women living with HIV and their child (oldest 3\u20138 years) to 1 of 4 programs: (1) community-based HIV care program, (2) program 1 + nutrition education, (3) program 1 + food supplement, and (4) all elements of programs 1\u20133. Study data were collected at baseline and months 6, 12, and 18. We applied mixed-effects modeling with restricted maximum likelihood estimation to examine changes in weight (all children) and CD4+ T-cell counts (children with HIV only).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall, 600 mother\u2013child pairs were enrolled (150\/group) with 100% retention at follow-up visits. Approximately 20% of children were living with HIV. Children in program 4 had higher weight gain than those in programs 1, 2, and 3 at all time points (adjusted P &amp;lt; .001). We found a higher increase in CD4+ T cells across all time points among participants in programs 3 and 4 compared with program 1 (adjusted P &amp;lt; .001). Factorial analysis suggested a synergistic effect of combining nutrition education and food supplements for weight gain but not for increase in CD4+ T cells.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>A combination of nutrition education and food supplements provided to women living with HIV significantly increased weight and CD4+ T cells, and such interventions can be integrated into HIV-care programs in low-income settings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciz1009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,8]],"date-time":"2019-10-08T19:30:38Z","timestamp":1570563038000},"page":"1539-1546","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The Effect of Community-Based Nutritional Interventions on Children of Women Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Rural India: A 2 \u00d7 2 Factorial Intervention Trial"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"71","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9982-4373","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sanghyuk S","family":"Shin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sue & Bill Gross School of Nursing, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Veena A","family":"Satyanarayana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria L","family":"Ekstrand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA"},{"name":"St John\u2019s Research Institute, Bangalore, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8334-4084","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catherine L","family":"Carpenter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA"},{"name":"UCLA Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qiao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sue & Bill Gross School of Nursing, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kartik","family":"Yadav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sue & Bill Gross School of Nursing, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Padma","family":"Ramakrishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suresh","family":"Pamujula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"A.C. 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