{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T14:51:44Z","timestamp":1790520704286,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,19]],"date-time":"2019-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1550534400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Luxembourg Ministry of Cooperation"},{"name":"Luxembourg Institute of Health and the AUF"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The Lao People\u2019s Democratic Republic continues to sustain a considerable burden of vaccine-preventable diseases because of incomplete vaccine coverage and weak vaccine responses. We have assessed seroconversion after routine vaccination with the pentavalent vaccine to capture weaknesses of vaccine management at the different levels of the healthcare system.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 1151 children (aged 8\u201328 months) with 3 documented doses of the pentavalent vaccine delivered at central hospitals in Vientiane and the provincial hospital, 3 district hospitals, and 10 health centers in Bolikhamxay province were enrolled. Sociodemographic information was collected with a standardized questionnaire. Serum samples were analyzed for antibodies against vaccine components, and bivariate and multivariable analyses were performed to identify risk factors for low vaccine responses.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Seroprotection rates at the provincial, district, and health center level were as high as in central hospitals, but seroprotection rates in areas covered by remote health centers were significantly lower. Protective levels also rapidly decreased with age at sampling. Seroprotection rates in Bolikhamxay against the different components reached 70%\u201377% and were up to 20% higher than in previous studies in the same region; 18.8% more children received the hepatitis B vaccine birth dose and the hepatitis B virus infection rate was 4 times lower.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Vaccine immunogenicity has dramatically improved in a central province, likely due to training and investment in the cold chain. Nevertheless, there remains a need to focus on the \u201clast mile\u201d in remote areas were most children are vaccinated through outreach activities.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciz143","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,17]],"date-time":"2019-02-17T23:24:10Z","timestamp":1550445850000},"page":"2136-2144","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Seroprotection at Different Levels of the Healthcare System After Routine Vaccination With Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis whole cell\u2013Hepatitis B\u2013Haemophilus influenzae Type B in Lao People\u2019s Democratic Republic"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"69","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5449-9503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa","family":"Hefele","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lao-Lux Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Laos, Vientiane, Lao People\u2019s Democratic Republic"},{"name":"Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sengdavanh","family":"Syphan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de la Francophonie pour la M\u00e9decine Tropicale, Vientiane, Lao People\u2019s Democratic Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dalouny","family":"Xayavong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de la Francophonie pour la M\u00e9decine Tropicale, Vientiane, Lao People\u2019s Democratic Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anousin","family":"Homsana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de la Francophonie pour la M\u00e9decine Tropicale, Vientiane, Lao People\u2019s Democratic Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daria","family":"Kleine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lao-Lux Laboratory, Institut 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