{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T06:21:38Z","timestamp":1789021298948,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,25]],"date-time":"2019-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551052800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000102","name":"Health Resources and Services Administration","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000102","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Transplant Infectious Disease Interdisciplinary Research Training","award":["5T32AI100851"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5T32AI100851"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01-AI73896, P01-AI04533"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01-AI73896, P01-AI04533"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01-AI93257)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01-AI93257)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23-AI52222"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23-AI52222"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K24-AI072522)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K24-AI072522)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Lediant Pharmaceuticals"},{"name":"Cidara Pharmaceuticals"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Lung transplant recipients commonly develop invasive fungal infections (IFIs), but the most effective strategies to prevent IFIs following lung transplantation are not known.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We prospectively collected clinical data on all patients who underwent lung transplantation at a tertiary care academic hospital from January 2007\u2013October 2014. Standard antifungal prophylaxis consisted of aerosolized amphotericin B lipid complex during the transplant hospitalization. For the first 180 days after transplant, we analyzed prevalence rates and timing of IFIs, risk factors for IFIs, and data from IFIs that broke through prophylaxis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In total, 156 of 815 lung transplant recipients developed IFIs (prevalence rate, 19.1 IFIs per 100 surgeries, 95% confidence interval [CI] 16.4\u201321.8%). The prevalence rate of invasive candidiasis (IC) was 11.4% (95% CI 9.2\u201313.6%), and the rate of non-Candida IFIs was 8.8% (95% CI 6.9\u201310.8%). First episodes of IC occurred a median of 31 days (interquartile range [IQR] 16\u201356 days) after transplant, while non-Candida IFIs occurred later, at a median of 86 days (IQR 40\u2013121 days) after transplant. Of 169 IFI episodes, 121 (72%) occurred in the absence of recent antifungal prophylaxis; however, IC and non-Candida breakthrough IFIs were observed, most often representing failures of micafungin (n = 16) and aerosolized amphotericin B (n = 24) prophylaxis, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Lung transplant recipients at our hospital had high rates of IFIs, despite receiving prophylaxis with aerosolized amphotericin B lipid complex during the transplant hospitalization. These data suggest benefit in providing systemic antifungal prophylaxis targeting Candida for up to 90 days after transplant and extending mold-active prophylaxis for up to 180 days after surgery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciz156","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,21]],"date-time":"2019-02-21T20:21:39Z","timestamp":1550780499000},"page":"30-39","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":100,"title":["Invasive Fungal Infection After Lung Transplantation: Epidemiology in the Setting of Antifungal Prophylaxis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"70","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0914-0291","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arthur W","family":"Baker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina"},{"name":"Duke Center for Antimicrobial Stewardship and Infection Prevention, Durham, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eileen K","family":"Maziarz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher J","family":"Arnold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa D","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina"},{"name":"Duke Center for Antimicrobial Stewardship and Infection Prevention, Durham, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrienne D","family":"Workman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John M","family":"Reynolds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John R","family":"Perfect","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara D","family":"Alexander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina"},{"name":"Duke University Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Durham, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2015.08.014","article-title":"The registry of the international society for heart and lung transplantation: thirty-second official adult lung and heart-lung transplantation report\u20132015; focus theme: early graft failure","volume":"34","author":"Yusen","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E185","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2016.02.08","article-title":"Lung transplantation at Duke","volume":"8","author":"Gray","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thorsurg.2009.02.006","article-title":"Update on donor assessment, resuscitation, and acceptance criteria, including novel techniques\u2013non-heart-beating donor lung retrieval and ex vivo donor lung perfusion","volume":"19","author":"Yeung","year":"2009","journal-title":"Thorac Surg Clin"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2016.02.656","article-title":"ICU care before and after lung transplantation","volume":"150","author":"Fuehner","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw326","article-title":"Practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of aspergillosis: 2016 update by the infectious diseases society of America","volume":"63","author":"Patterson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S65592","article-title":"Prevention of invasive fungal infections in immunocompromised patients: the role of delayed-release posaconazole","volume":"8","author":"Soysal","year":"2015","journal-title":"Infect Drug Resist"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)01159-9","article-title":"Isavuconazole versus voriconazole for primary treatment of invasive mould disease caused by Aspergillus and other filamentous fungi (SECURE): a phase 3, randomised-controlled, non-inferiority trial","volume":"387","author":"Maertens","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1086\/651262","article-title":"Invasive fungal infections among organ transplant recipients: results of the Transplant-Associated Infection Surveillance Network (TRANSNET)","volume":"50","author":"Pappas","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2016.01.007","article-title":"The 2015 international society for heart and lung transplantation guidelines for the management of fungal infections in mechanical circulatory support and cardiothoracic organ transplant recipients: Executive summary","volume":"35","author":"Husain","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-2277.2007.00511.x","article-title":"Invasive fungal infections and antifungal therapies in solid organ transplant recipients","volume":"20","author":"Gabardi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Transpl Int"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trre.2007.12.007","article-title":"Fungal infections after lung transplantation","volume":"22","author":"Sol\u00e9","year":"2008","journal-title":"Transplant Rev"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1111\/tid.12060","article-title":"Epidemiology, outcomes, and mortality predictors of invasive mold infections among transplant recipients: a 10-year, single-center experience","volume":"15","author":"Neofytos","year":"2013","journal-title":"Transpl Infect Dis"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1111\/tid.12613","article-title":"The epidemiology and outcomes of invasive Candida infections among organ transplant recipients in the United States: results of the Transplant-Associated Infection Surveillance Network (TRANSNET)","volume":"18","author":"Andes","year":"2016","journal-title":"Transpl Infect Dis"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1875-9114.2012.01124","article-title":"Cost of invasive fungal infections in the era of new diagnostics and expanded treatment options","volume":"32","author":"Dodds Ashley","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2005.01128.x","article-title":"Aspergillus infections in lung transplant recipients: risk factors and outcome","volume":"11","author":"Sol\u00e9","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.119.1.169","article-title":"Spectrum of Aspergillus infection in lung transplant recipients: case series and review of the literature","volume":"119","author":"Mehrad","year":"2001","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1522","DOI":"10.1111\/ctr.12854","article-title":"Is universal antifungal prophylaxis mandatory in adults after lung transplantation? A review and meta-analysis of observational studies","volume":"30","author":"Pilarczyk","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Transplant"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1815","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000001050","article-title":"Antifungal prophylaxis in lung transplant recipients","volume":"100","author":"Patel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2010.03375.x","article-title":"Antifungal prophylaxis in lung transplantation\u2013a world-wide survey","volume":"11","author":"Neoh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3062.2006.00156.x","article-title":"Variation in antifungal prophylaxis strategies in lung transplantation","volume":"8","author":"Husain","year":"2006","journal-title":"Transpl Infect Dis"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2014.05.013","article-title":"Antifungal prophylaxis in lung transplantation","volume":"44","author":"Neoh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0b013e3181c3c417","article-title":"Impact of mold infections in explanted lungs on outcomes of lung transplantation","volume":"89","author":"Vadnerkar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6135.2004.00735.x","article-title":"Fungal infections","volume":"4","author":"American Society of Transplantation","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1111\/tid.12337","article-title":"Practice variation in Aspergillus prophylaxis and treatment among lung transplant centers: a national survey","volume":"17","author":"He","year":"2015","journal-title":"Transpl Infect Dis"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TP.0000101516.08327.A9","article-title":"Comparative safety of amphotericin B lipid complex and amphotericin B deoxycholate as aerosolized antifungal prophylaxis in lung-transplant recipients","volume":"77","author":"Drew","year":"2004","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1813","DOI":"10.1086\/588660","article-title":"Revised definitions of invasive fungal disease from the European organization for research and treatment of cancer\/invasive fungal infections cooperative group and the national institute of allergy and infectious diseases mycoses study group (EORTC\/MSG) consensus group","volume":"46","author":"De Pauw","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0027","article-title":"Karnofsky performance score and its use in risk adjustment of transplant outcomes in the United States","author":"Snyder","journal-title":"Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0028","author":"United Network for Organ Sharing"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1086\/524071","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance: resistance to antifungal agents: mechanisms and clinical impact","volume":"46","author":"Kanafani","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0030","first-page":"11","article-title":"Emerging threats in antifungal-resistant fungal pathogens","volume":"3","author":"Sanglard","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1111\/ctr.12516","article-title":"Epidemiology of invasive fungal infections in lung transplant recipients on long-term azole antifungal prophylaxis","volume":"29","author":"Chong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Transplant"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.31.6.537","article-title":"Invasive fungal infections in lung transplant recipients not receiving routine systemic antifungal prophylaxis: 12-year experience at a university lung transplant center","volume":"31","author":"Pinney","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2373","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02390-09","article-title":"Breakthrough invasive candidiasis in patients on micafungin","volume":"48","author":"Pfeiffer","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02326-17","article-title":"Anidulafungin pharmacokinetics in ascites fluid and pleural effusion of critically ill patients","volume":"62","author":"Welte","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1007\/s10156-011-0240-3","article-title":"Distribution of micafungin in the tissue fluids of patients with invasive fungal infections","volume":"17","author":"Yamada","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Infect Chemother"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1051\/ject\/201749150","article-title":"Antifungal extraction by the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation circuit","volume":"49","author":"Watt","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Extra Corpor Technol"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1619","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix130","article-title":"Changing epidemiology of invasive mold infections in patients receiving azole prophylaxis","volume":"64","author":"Lamoth","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e77136","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0077136","article-title":"Aspergillus fumigatus invasion increases with progressive airway ischemia","volume":"8","author":"Hsu","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLOS One"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1097\/MOT.0b013e32833debd0","article-title":"Pulmonary infection defense after lung transplantation: does airway ischemia play a role?","volume":"15","author":"Verleden","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Opin Organ Transplant"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4793","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00626-12","article-title":"Multicenter study of voriconazole pharmacokinetics and therapeutic drug monitoring","volume":"56","author":"Dolton","year":"2012","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2014.05.019","article-title":"Voriconazole pharmacokinetics and exposure-response relationships: assessing the links between exposure, efficacy and toxicity","volume":"44","author":"Dolton","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.2147\/DHPS.S6321","article-title":"Clinical safety and tolerability issues in use of triazole derivatives in management of fungal infections","volume":"2","author":"Neofytos","year":"2010","journal-title":"Drug Healthc Patient Saf"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3398","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00054-16","article-title":"Drug-drug interaction associated with mold-active triazoles among hospitalized patients","volume":"60","author":"Andes","year":"2016","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1441","DOI":"10.1086\/598327","article-title":"Clinical relevance of the pharmacokinetic interactions of azole antifungal drugs with other coadministered agents","volume":"48","author":"Br\u00fcggemann","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S52","DOI":"10.3109\/13693786.2010.505203","article-title":"Pharmacological considerations for azole antifungal drug management in cystic fibrosis lung transplant patients","volume":"48","author":"Billaud","year":"2010","journal-title":"Med Mycol"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1586\/14787210.2013.826989","article-title":"Therapeutic drug monitoring of voriconazole and posaconazole for invasive aspergillosis","volume":"11","author":"Seyedmousavi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2806","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.05900-11","article-title":"Posaconazole exposure-response relationship: evaluating the utility of therapeutic drug monitoring","volume":"56","author":"Dolton","year":"2012","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2019121604174316400_CIT0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2012.02.033","article-title":"High cumulative dose exposure to voriconazole is associated with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in lung transplant recipients","volume":"31","author":"Singer","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"}],"container-title":["Clinical Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cid\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/cid\/ciz156\/28565210\/ciz156.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cid\/article-pdf\/70\/1\/30\/31534464\/ciz156.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cid\/article-pdf\/70\/1\/30\/31534464\/ciz156.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,13]],"date-time":"2023-09-13T21:25:26Z","timestamp":1694640326000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cid\/article\/70\/1\/30\/5364551"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,25]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,25]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cid\/ciz156","relation":{},"ISSN":["1058-4838","1537-6591"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1058-4838","type":"print"},{"value":"1537-6591","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,25]]}}}