{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T22:24:05Z","timestamp":1792794245550,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,19]],"date-time":"2019-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1552953600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 AI116472-03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AI116472-03"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1037304"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1037304"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1045156"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1045156"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1042072"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1042072"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1088738"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1088738"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1138860"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1138860"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Improving Health Outcomes in the Tropical North: A Multidisciplinary Collaboration","award":["1131932"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1131932"]}]},{"name":"Australian Centre of Research Excellence in Malaria Elimination"},{"name":"Singapore National Medical Research Council Clinician Scientist Award","award":["CSA INV 15nov007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSA INV 15nov007"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04x3cxs03","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Tropical Disease Research Regional Collaboration Initiative"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000996","name":"Australian Government Department of Foreign Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000996","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012661","name":"Menzies School of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012661","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Malaysia aims to eliminate malaria by 2020. However, while cases of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax have decreased substantially, the incidence of zoonotic malaria from Plasmodium knowlesi continues to increase, presenting a major challenge to regional malaria control efforts. Here we report incidence of all Plasmodium species in Sabah, including zoonotic P. knowlesi, during 2015\u20132017.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Microscopy-based malaria notification data and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results were obtained from the Sabah Department of Health and State Public Health Laboratory, respectively, from January 2015 to December 2017. From January 2016 this was complemented by a statewide prospective hospital surveillance study. Databases were matched, and species was determined by PCR, or microscopy if PCR was not available.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 3867 malaria cases were recorded between 2015 and 2017, with PCR performed in 93%. Using PCR results, and microscopy if PCR was unavailable, P. knowlesi accounted for 817 (80%), 677 (88%), and 2030 (98%) malaria cases in 2015, 2016, and 2017, respectively. P. falciparum accounted for 110 (11%), 45 (6%), and 23 (1%) cases and P. vivax accounted for 61 (6%), 17 (2%), and 8 (0.4%) cases, respectively. Of those with P. knowlesi, the median age was 35 (interquartile range: 24\u201347) years, and 85% were male.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Malaysia is approaching elimination of the human-only Plasmodium species. However, the ongoing increase in P. knowlesi incidence presents a major challenge to malaria control and warrants increased focus on knowlesi-specific prevention activities. Wider molecular surveillance in surrounding countries is required.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciz237","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,18]],"date-time":"2019-03-18T16:33:55Z","timestamp":1552926835000},"page":"361-367","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":128,"title":["<i>Plasmodium knowlesi<\/i>\n                    Malaria in Sabah, Malaysia, 2015\u20132017: Ongoing Increase in Incidence Despite Near-elimination of the Human-only\n                    <i>Plasmodium<\/i>\n                    Species"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"70","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3643-7605","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel J","family":"Cooper","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia"},{"name":"Infectious Diseases Society Sabah-Menzies School of Health Research Clinical Research Unit, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giri S","family":"Rajahram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Society Sabah-Menzies School of Health Research Clinical Research Unit, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah"},{"name":"Clinical Research Centre - Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Ministry of Health, Sabah"},{"name":"Sabah Department of Health, Kota Kinabalu, Ministry of Health, Sabah"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy","family":"William","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gleneagles Kota Kinabalu Hospital, Sabah"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenarun","family":"Jelip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Malaysian Ministry of Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rashidah","family":"Mohammad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sabah Department of Health, Kota Kinabalu, Ministry of Health, Sabah"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Benedict","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Society Sabah-Menzies School of Health Research Clinical Research Unit, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danshy A","family":"Alaza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Society Sabah-Menzies School of Health Research Clinical Research Unit, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Malacova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"QIMR Berghofer Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tsin W","family":"Yeo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew J","family":"Grigg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia"},{"name":"Infectious Diseases Society Sabah-Menzies School of Health Research Clinical Research Unit, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas M","family":"Anstey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia"},{"name":"Infectious Diseases Society Sabah-Menzies School of Health Research Clinical Research Unit, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bridget E","family":"Barber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, 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