{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T02:34:10Z","timestamp":1791513250589,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,3]],"date-time":"2019-05-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1556841600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R03AI132801"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R03AI132801"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U54GM115677"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U54GM115677"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Intravenous fluid (IVF) is a frequently recommended intervention in Ebola virus disease (EVD), yet its impact on patient outcomes remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This retrospective cohort study evaluated patients with EVD admitted to 5 Ebola treatment units (ETUs) in West Africa. The primary outcome was the difference in 28-day survival between cases treated and not treated with IVF. To control for demographic and clinical factors related to both IVF exposure and survival, cases were compared using propensity score matching. To control for time-varying patient and treatment factors over the course of ETU care, a marginal structural proportional hazards model (MSPHM) with inverse probability weighting was used to assess for 28-day survival differences.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Among 424 EVD-positive cases with data for analysis, 354 (83.5%) were treated with IVF at some point during their ETU admission. Overall, 146 (41.3%) cases treated with IVF survived, whereas 31 (44.9%) cases not treated with any IVF survived (P = .583). Matched propensity score analysis found no significant difference in 28-day survival between cases treated and not treated with IVF during their first 24 and 48 hours of care. Adjusted MSPHM survival analyses also found no significant difference in 28-day survival for cases treated with IVF (27.3%) compared to those not treated with IVF (26.9%) during their entire ETU admission (P = .893).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>After adjustment for patient- and treatment-specific time-varying factors, there was no significant difference in survival among patients with EVD treated with IVF as compared to those not treated with IVF.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciz344","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,24]],"date-time":"2019-04-24T19:16:53Z","timestamp":1556133413000},"page":"1038-1047","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Impact of Intravenous Fluid Therapy on Survival Among Patients With Ebola Virus Disease: An International Multisite Retrospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Adam R","family":"Aluisio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Brown University Alpert Medical School, Rhode Island"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Derrick","family":"Yam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Statistical Sciences, Department of Biostatistics, Brown University School of Public Health, Rhode Island"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jillian L","family":"Peters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel K","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiromi M","family":"Perera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Medical Corps, Washington, District of Columbia, Liberia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen B","family":"Kennedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Health, Monrovia, Liberia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moses","family":"Massaquoi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Health, Monrovia, Liberia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Foday","family":"Sahr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Defense, Freetown, Sierra Leone"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael A","family":"Smit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Children\u2019s Hospital Los Angeles, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Statistical Sciences, Department of Biostatistics, Brown University School of Public Health, Rhode Island"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3982-3824","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adam C","family":"Levine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Brown University Alpert Medical School, Rhode Island"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020080305002714500_CIT0001","author":"World Health Organization"},{"key":"2020080305002714500_CIT0002","author":"World Health Organization"},{"key":"2020080305002714500_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1411249","article-title":"Clinical presentation of patients with Ebola virus disease in Conakry, Guinea","volume":"372","author":"Bah","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2020080305002714500_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S136","DOI":"10.1086\/520542","article-title":"Outbreaks of filovirus hemorrhagic fever: time to refocus on the patient","volume":"196","author":"Bausch","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2020080305002714500_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201408-1514CP","article-title":"Caring for critically ill patients with Ebola virus disease. 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