{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T23:53:09Z","timestamp":1774396389577,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"Supplement_2","funder":[{"name":"CDC Foundation","award":["971-17"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["971-17"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Senegal introduced a 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) in October 2013, given at 6, 10, and 14 weeks of age. We document trends of meningitis and pneumonia after the PCV13 introduction.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>From October 2010\u2013October 2016, hospitalization data for clinical meningitis and pneumonia in children aged &lt;5 years were collected from logbooks at a large, tertiary, pediatric hospital in Dakar. We used a set of predetermined keywords to define hospitalizations for extraction from hospital registers. We conducted a time-series analysis and compared hospitalizations before and after the PCV13 introduction, accounting for seasonality. The initial PCV13 uptake period (October 2013\u2013September 2014) was considered to be transitional and was excluded.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Over the 7-year period, 1836 and 889 hospitalizations with a discharge diagnosis of pneumonia and meningitis, respectively, occurred in children aged &lt;5 years. In children aged &lt;12 months, a small, significant reduction in pneumonia was observed post-PCV13 (\u22123.8%, 95% confidence interval [CI] \u22121.5 to \u22125.9%). No decline was observed among children aged 12\u201359 months (\u22120.7%, 95% CI \u22120.8 to 2.2%). Meningitis hospitalizations remained stable for children aged &lt;12 months (1.8%, 95% CI \u22120.9 to 4.4%) and 12\u201359 months (\u22120.5%, 95% CI \u22123.6 to 2.6%).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We used data from 1 hospital to detect a small, significant reduction in all-cause pneumonia hospitalizations 2 years post-PCV13 introduction in infants; the same trend was not measurable in children aged 12\u201359 months or in meningitis cases. There is a need for continued surveillance to assess the long-term impact of sustained PCV13 use and to monitor how pneumococcus is causing disease in the meningitis belt.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciz457","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,30]],"date-time":"2019-05-30T23:18:11Z","timestamp":1559258291000},"page":"S66-S71","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Impact of 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine on Meningitis and Pneumonia Hospitalizations in Children aged &lt;5 Years in Senegal, 2010\u20132016"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Papa M","family":"Faye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Albert Royer Children\u2019s Hospital, Dakar, Senegal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mouhamadou A","family":"Sonko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Albert Royer Children\u2019s Hospital, Dakar, Senegal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amadou","family":"Diop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Albert Royer Children\u2019s Hospital, Dakar, Senegal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aliou","family":"Thiongane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Albert Royer Children\u2019s Hospital, Dakar, Senegal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Idrissa D","family":"Ba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Albert Royer Children\u2019s Hospital, Dakar, Senegal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Spiller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Bacterial Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ousmane","family":"Ndiaye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Albert Royer Children\u2019s Hospital, Dakar, Senegal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Baidy","family":"Dieye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Albert Royer Children\u2019s Hospital, Dakar, Senegal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jason M","family":"Mwenda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"World Health Organization, Regional office for Africa, Republic of Congo, Brazzaville"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmed I","family":"Sow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Health, Dakar, Senegal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Boly","family":"Diop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Health, Dakar, Senegal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aliou","family":"Diallo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"World Health Organization, Senegal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer L","family":"Farrar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Bacterial Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2019092600314190400_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e744","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(18)30247-X","article-title":"Burden of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae type B disease in children in the era of conjugate vaccines: global, regional, and national estimates for 2000\u201315","volume":"6","author":"Wahl","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"2019092600314190400_CIT0002","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Estimated Hib and pneumococcal deaths for children under 5 years of age. Available at: http:\/\/www.who.int\/immunization\/monitoring_surveillance\/burden\/estimates\/Pneumo_hib\/en\/. Accessed 31 August 2018."},{"key":"2019092600314190400_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2015.10.007","article-title":"Pediatric invasive pneumococcal disease in Senegal","volume":"45","author":"Ba","year":"2015","journal-title":"Med Mal Infect"},{"issue":"8","key":"2019092600314190400_CIT0004","first-page":"85","article-title":"Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine for pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in infants and children under 5 years of age: WHO position paper \u2013 February 2019","volume":"94","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2019","journal-title":"Wkly Epidemiol Rec"},{"key":"2019092600314190400_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S109","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000000078","article-title":"Systematic review of the effect of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine dosing schedules on vaccine-type invasive pneumococcal disease among young children","volume":"33","author":"Conklin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"2019092600314190400_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S140","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000000082","article-title":"Systematic review of the effect of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine dosing schedules on prevention of pneumonia","volume":"33","author":"Loo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"2019092600314190400_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-016-1914-3","article-title":"An outbreak of pneumococcal meningitis among older children (\u22655 years) and adults after the implementation of an infant vaccination programme with the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in Ghana","volume":"16","author":"Kwambana-Adams","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"2019092600314190400_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6630a2","article-title":"Meningitis outbreak caused by vaccine-preventable bacterial pathogens\u2014Northern Ghana, 2016","volume":"66","author":"Aku","year":"2017","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"2019092600314190400_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2017.12.002","article-title":"Early impact of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on pneumococcal meningitis-Burkina Faso, 2014\u20132015","volume":"76","author":"Kambire","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"2019092600314190400_CIT0010","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Pneumococcal conjugate (PCV3) immunization coverage estimates by country. Available at: http:\/\/apps.who.int\/gho\/data\/node.main.PCV3n?lang=en. Accessed 31 August 2018."},{"key":"2019092600314190400_CIT0011","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Hib (Hib3) immunization coverage estimates by country. Available at: http:\/\/apps.who.int\/gho\/data\/node.main.A829. Accessed 21 May 2019."},{"key":"2019092600314190400_CIT0012","volume-title":"MCHIP end of project report","author":"USAID Maternal and Child Health Integrated Program","year":"2014"},{"key":"2019092600314190400_CIT0013","author":"United States Agency for International Development"},{"key":"2019092600314190400_CIT0014","first-page":"E61","article-title":"Impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccination: a retrospective study of hospitalization for pneumonia in North-East Italy","volume":"57","author":"Baldo","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Prev Med Hyg"},{"key":"2019092600314190400_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2016.11.041","article-title":"Cocontribution of rotavirus and pneumococcal conjugate vaccines to the reduction of pediatric hospital visits in young children","volume":"182","author":"Ben-Shimol","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"2019092600314190400_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.08.084","article-title":"Use of administrative records to assess pneumococcal conjugate vaccine impact on pediatric meningitis and pneumonia hospitalizations in Rwanda","volume":"34","author":"Gatera","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2019092600314190400_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.16.187849","article-title":"Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines and hospitalization of children for pneumonia: a time-series analysis, South Africa, 2006\u20132014","volume":"95","author":"Izu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"2019092600314190400_CIT0018","unstructured":"Mo\u00efsi\n              J\n            , AlassaniI, TallH, et al.\n          Using the indirect cohort approach to estimate PCV13 effectiveness against meningitis and pneumonia endpoints in Northern Togo. In: Program and abstracts of the 10th International Symposium on Pneumonia and Pneumococcal Diseases (Glasgow, Scotland). Geneva, Switzerland: ISPPD, 2016; 181."},{"key":"2019092600314190400_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0168209","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0168209","article-title":"Impact of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on clinical and hypoxemic childhood pneumonia over three years in Central Malawi: an observational study","volume":"12","author":"McCollum","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLOS One"},{"key":"2019092600314190400_CIT0020","unstructured":"Silaba\n              M\n            , OokoM, BottomleyC, et al.\n          The impact of 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10) on the incidence of radiologically confirmed pneumonia and on pneumonia hospitalizations among children in Kilifi, Kenya. In: Program and abstracts of the 10th International Symposium on Pneumonia and Pneumococcal Diseases (Glasgow, Scotland). 2016; 22."},{"key":"2019092600314190400_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(16)00054-2","article-title":"Effect of the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccination on invasive pneumococcal disease in the Gambia: a population-based surveillance study","volume":"16","author":"Mackenzie","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"2019092600314190400_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0203205","article-title":"Continued occurrence of serotype 1 pneumococcal meningitis in two regions located in the meningitis belt in Ghana five years after introduction of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine","volume":"13","author":"Bozio","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLOS One"},{"key":"2019092600314190400_CIT0023","unstructured":"von Gottberg\n              A\n            , KleynhansJ, de GouveiaL, et al.\n          Trends in invasive pneumococcal disease among adults aged \u226525 years, South Africa, 2005\u20132016. In: Program and abstracts of the 11th International Symposium on Pneumonia and Pneumococcal Diseases (Melbourne, Australia). 2018; 18."},{"key":"2019092600314190400_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2202.150967","article-title":"Epidemiology of serotype 1 invasive pneumococcal disease, South Africa, 2003\u20132013","volume":"22","author":"von Mollendorf","year":"2016","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["Clinical Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cid\/article-pdf\/69\/Supplement_2\/S66\/30054843\/ciz457.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,26]],"date-time":"2019-09-26T00:31:58Z","timestamp":1569457918000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cid\/article\/69\/Supplement_2\/S66\/5561326"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,5]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"Supplement_2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,5]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,5]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cid\/ciz457","relation":{},"ISSN":["1058-4838","1537-6591"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1058-4838","type":"print"},{"value":"1537-6591","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,15]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,5]]}}}