{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T11:23:50Z","timestamp":1785583430447,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,3]],"date-time":"2019-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559520000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Beginning from 2015\u20132016, unprecedented large outbreaks of acute hepatitis A that predominantly affected men who have sex with men (MSM) reemerged across the continents. We assessed the impact of an early initiated hepatitis A virus (HAV) vaccination campaign that targeted MSM living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) during the 2015\u20132017 hepatitis A outbreak in Taiwan.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>First, we ascertained the effectiveness of HAV vaccination for MSM living with HIV using a nested case-control study of 1470 persons living with HIV who were initially HAV-seronegative. We then fitted a model of HAV transmission among MSM, risk-structured by HIV status, to the actual epidemic curve of reported acute hepatitis A cases in Taiwan during 2015\u20132017.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Fifty-five cases of acute hepatitis A were matched to 220 controls. Single-dose and 2-dose HAV vaccination provided protection rates of 96.1% and 97.8% among recipient MSM living with HIV, respectively. Model fitting yielded basic reproductive number estimates of 7.26 (MSM living with HIV) and 3.04 (MSM not living with HIV). In a counterfactual scenario without an HAV vaccination campaign, the outbreak would have involved 7153 hepatitis A cases during 2015\u20132017 in contrast to the 1352 that were observed. We therefore estimated that the HAV vaccination campaign averted 80.7% (sensitivity analysis, 48.8%\u201392.7%) of acute hepatitis A cases that would otherwise have occurred by the end of 2017.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The early initiated HAV vaccination campaign, which targeted MSM living with HIV, very effectively curtailed the 2015\u20132017 hepatitis A outbreak in Taiwan.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciz471","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,1]],"date-time":"2019-06-01T11:13:50Z","timestamp":1559387630000},"page":"1742-1749","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Effect of a Hepatitis A Vaccination Campaign During a Hepatitis A Outbreak in Taiwan, 2015\u20132017: A Modeling Study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Kuan-Yin","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Jin-Shan Branch, New Taipei City"},{"name":"Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsin-Yun","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi-Hsuan","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi-Chun","family":"Lo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Szu-Min","family":"Hsieh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wang-Huei","family":"Sheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Chung","family":"Chuang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sung-Ching","family":"Pan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aristine","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chien-Ching","family":"Hung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei"},{"name":"Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei"},{"name":"Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan"},{"name":"China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7380-1699","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chi-Tai","family":"Fang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shan-Chwen","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020041000553788700_CIT0001","article-title":"A 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