{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T23:30:54Z","timestamp":1781566254980,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"Supplement_2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,5]],"date-time":"2019-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567641600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"WHO\/AFRO"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012891","name":"MRCG","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012891","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Meningitis is endemic to regions of Cameroon outside the meningitis belt including the capital city, Yaound\u00e9. Through surveillance, we studied the etiology and molecular epidemiology of pediatric bacterial meningitis in Yaound\u00e9 from 2010 to 2016.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Lumbar puncture was performed on 5958 suspected meningitis cases; 765 specimens were further tested by culture, latex agglutination, and\/or polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Serotyping\/grouping, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and\/or whole genome sequencing were performed where applicable.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The leading pathogens detected among the 126 confirmed cases were Streptococcus pneumoniae (93 [73.8%]), Haemophilus influenzae (18 [14.3%]), and Neisseria meningitidis (15 [11.9%]). We identified more vaccine serotypes (19 [61%]) than nonvaccine serotypes (12 [39%]); however, in the latter years non\u2013pneumococcal conjugate vaccine serotypes were more common. Whole genome data on 29 S. pneumoniae isolates identified related strains (&lt;30 single-nucleotide polymorphism difference). All but 1 of the genomes harbored a resistance genotype to at least 1 antibiotic, and vaccine serotypes harbored more resistance genes than nonvaccine serotypes (P &lt; .05). Of 9 cases of H. influenzae, 8 were type b (Hib) and 1 was type f. However, the cases of Hib were either in unvaccinated individuals or children who had not yet received all 3 doses. We were unable to serogroup the N. meningitidis cases by PCR.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Streptococcus pneumoniae remains a leading cause of pediatric bacterial meningitis, and nonvaccine serotypes may play a bigger role in disease etiology in the postvaccine era. There is evidence of Hib disease among children in Cameroon, which warrants further investigation.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciz506","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,15]],"date-time":"2019-08-15T23:18:24Z","timestamp":1565911104000},"page":"S148-S155","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Hospital-based Surveillance Provides Insights Into the Etiology of Pediatric Bacterial Meningitis in Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon, in the Post-Vaccine Era"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Angeline","family":"Boula","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Mere et Enfant de la Fondation, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madikay","family":"Senghore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Centre for New Vaccines Surveillance, West Africa Partnerships and Strategy, Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Banjul, The Gambia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rose","family":"Ngoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Mere et Enfant de la Fondation, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Flaubert","family":"Tassadjo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Pasteur, Yaound\u00e9"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie-Christine","family":"Fonkoua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Pasteur, Yaound\u00e9"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ariane","family":"Nzouankeu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Pasteur, Yaound\u00e9"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mina Kenkela","family":"Njiki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Mere et Enfant de la Fondation, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeanne","family":"Musi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Pasteur, Yaound\u00e9"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandrine","family":"Bebey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Mere et Enfant de la Fondation, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madeline","family":"Ngo Baleba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Mere et Enfant de la Fondation, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angeline","family":"Nkembe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Mere et Enfant de la Fondation, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sidonie","family":"M\u00e9djina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Expanded Programme on Immunization, Yaound\u00e9"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter S","family":"Ndow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Centre for New Vaccines Surveillance, West Africa Partnerships and Strategy, Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Banjul, The Gambia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Archibald","family":"Worwui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Centre for New Vaccines Surveillance, West Africa Partnerships and Strategy, Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Banjul, The Gambia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie","family":"Kobela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Expanded Programme on Immunization, Yaound\u00e9"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marceline","family":"Nimpa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"WHO Country Office Cameroon, Yaound\u00e9"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason M","family":"Mwenda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"WHO Regional Office for Africa, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aboubacar","family":"N\u2019diaye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"WHO Regional Office for Africa, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brenda A","family":"Kwambana-Adams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Centre for New Vaccines Surveillance, West Africa Partnerships and Strategy, Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Banjul, The Gambia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Antonio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Centre for New Vaccines Surveillance, West Africa Partnerships and Strategy, Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Banjul, The Gambia"},{"name":"Microbiology and Infection Unit, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2019092600315008700_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1080\/00365540110080179","article-title":"Sequelae after bacterial meningitis in childhood","volume":"34","author":"Oostenbrink","year":"2002","journal-title":"Scand J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2019092600315008700_CIT0002","first-page":"300","article-title":"Bacterial meningitis in 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