{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T12:00:57Z","timestamp":1791806457777,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,12]],"date-time":"2019-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1565568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1 TR001860"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1 TR001860"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Posaconazole tablets are well tolerated and efficacious in the prophylaxis and treatment of aspergillosis, mucormycosis, and other invasive fungal infections. There have been case reports of posaconazole-induced pseudohyperaldosteronism (PIPH); however, its occurrence and association with serum posaconazole drug levels have not previously been investigated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this single-center, retrospective, observational study, we examined the occurrence of PIPH in outpatients newly starting posaconazole and evaluated differences in serum posaconazole concentrations and clinical characteristics between those with and without this syndrome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sixty-nine patients receiving posaconazole were included, of whom 16 (23.2%) met the definition of PIPH. Patients with PIPH were significantly older (61.1 vs 44.7 years, P = .007) and more frequently had hypertension prior to starting posaconazole (68.8% vs 32.1%, P = .009). Patients with PIPH had a significantly higher median serum posaconazole level than those without PIPH (3.0 vs 1.2 \u00b5g\/mL, P \u2264 .0001). There was a positive correlation between serum posaconazole levels and changes in systolic blood pressure (r = .37, P = .01), a negative correlation between serum posaconazole levels and changes in serum potassium (r = \u2013.39, P = .006), and a positive correlation between serum posaconazole levels and serum 11-deoxycortisol (r = .69, P &amp;lt; .0001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Posaconazole is associated with secondary hypertension and hypokalemia, consistent with pseudohyperaldosteronism, and development is associated with higher serum posaconazole concentrations, older age, and baseline hypertension.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciz741","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,2]],"date-time":"2019-08-02T12:09:39Z","timestamp":1564747779000},"page":"2593-2598","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":104,"title":["Posaconazole Serum Drug Levels Associated With Pseudohyperaldosteronism"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Minh-Vu H","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of California-Davis Health, Sacramento, California, USA; , Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew R","family":"Davis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, University of California-Davis Health, Sacramento, California, USA; , Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Wittenberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, University of California-Davis Health, Sacramento, California, USA; , Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian","family":"Mchardy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California\u2013Davis Health, Sacramento, California, USA, Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John W","family":"Baddley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Alabama\u2013Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA, Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian Y","family":"Young","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of California\u2013Davis Health, Sacramento, California, USA; , Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"Odermatt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology and Division of Molecular and Systems Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, 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