{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T13:31:53Z","timestamp":1790688713781,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,7]],"date-time":"2020-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604707200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,28]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n Approximately 20% of patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD) in Japan are on combination with once-weekly haemodialysis (HD). This study aimed to compare outcomes of combination therapy and PD alone.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n This longitudinal study on the Japanese Renal Data Registry included patients on PD from 2010 to 2014. Subjects were followed until the end of 2015. Exposure of interest was combination therapy compared with PD alone. Outcomes were complete transition to HD, all-cause mortality, cardiovascular (CV) mortality and congestive heart failure (CHF)-related mortality. Patients who initiated combination therapy were matched with those on PD alone by propensity scores. Data were analysed using Cox regression models.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n Among the matched cohort, 608 patients were on combination therapy and 869 were on PD alone. Decline in body weight and residual renal function was more prominent in the combination therapy group. During a median follow-up of 2.5\u2009years, 224 deaths occurred. All-cause mortality {hazard ratio (HR) [95% confidence interval (CI)] 0.56 (0.42\u20130.75)}, CV mortality [HR 0.48 (0.32\u20130.72)] and CHF-related mortality [HR 0.19 (0.07\u20130.55)] were significantly lower, but complete transition to HD was significantly earlier [HR 1.72 (1.45\u20132.03)] in the combination therapy group. Sensitivity analyses considering the effects of dialysis facilities yielded similar results. Assuming causality, numbers needed to treat to prevent one death per year were 34 patients.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Combination therapy was associated with lower all-cause mortality, CV mortality and CHF-related mortality, but earlier transition to HD compared with PD alone, which might be due to better fluid removal by HD.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfaa173","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,23]],"date-time":"2020-07-23T11:30:52Z","timestamp":1595503852000},"page":"1610-1617","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Combination of once-weekly haemodialysis with peritoneal dialysis is associated with lower mortality compared with peritoneal dialysis alone: a longitudinal study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Miho","family":"Murashima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Japan"},{"name":"Research Subcommittee of Japanese Renal Data Registry, Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takayuki","family":"Hamano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan"},{"name":"Renal Data Registry Committee, Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masanori","family":"Abe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Renal Data Registry Committee, Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy, Japan"},{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ikuto","family":"Masakane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Renal Data Registry Committee, Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy, Japan"},{"name":"Yabuki Hospital, Yamagata, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021052818105363600_sfaa173-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-0968.2004.00107.x","article-title":"Review of combination of peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis as a modality of treatment for end-stage renal disease","volume":"8","author":"Fukui","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ther Apher Dial"},{"key":"2021052818105363600_sfaa173-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1159\/000368389","article-title":"Combined therapy with peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis: a multicenter retrospective observational cohort study in 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patients","volume":"28","author":"Suzuki","year":"2012","journal-title":"Adv Perit Dial"},{"key":"2021052818105363600_sfaa173-B10","first-page":"108","article-title":"Combined peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis therapy improves quality of life in end-stage renal disease patients","volume":"16","author":"Hashimoto","year":"2000","journal-title":"Adv Perit Dial"},{"key":"2021052818105363600_sfaa173-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1159\/000485713","article-title":"Effect of combined peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis on health-related quality of life","volume":"196","author":"Watanabe","year":"2018","journal-title":"Contrib Nephrol"},{"key":"2021052818105363600_sfaa173-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1111\/1744-9987.12378","article-title":"An overview of regular dialysis treatment in Japan (as of 31 December 2013)","volume":"19","author":"Masakane","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ther Apher Dial"},{"key":"2021052818105363600_sfaa173-B13","first-page":"74","article-title":"Combination therapy with peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis from the initiation of renal replacement therapy preserves residual renal function and serum albumin","volume":"33","author":"Ueda","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv Perit Dial"},{"key":"2021052818105363600_sfaa173-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.12321216","article-title":"Multicenter registry analysis of center characteristics associated with technique failure in patients on incident peritoneal dialysis","volume":"12","author":"Htay","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2021052818105363600_sfaa173-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1177\/089686080902900312","article-title":"Association of peritoneal dialysis clinic size with clinical outcomes","volume":"29","author":"Plantinga","year":"2009","journal-title":"Perit Dial 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