{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T20:03:36Z","timestamp":1789675416779,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,5]],"date-time":"2021-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612483200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) is a common and major complication in chronic kidney disease (CKD), reflecting the increase of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in response to reduced vitamin D signalling and hypocalcaemia. This meta-analysis evaluated the impact of nutritional vitamin D (NVD) (cholecalciferol or ergocalciferol) on SHPT-related biomarkers.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed to identify relevant randomized control trials to be included in the meta-analysis. Fixed- and random-effects models were used to pool study-level results. Effects were studied within NVD study arms and relative to control groups (placebo\/no treatment); the former in order to identify the effect of actively altering biomarkers levels.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Reductions in PTH from supplementation with NVD were small when observed within the NVD study arms (pooled reduction: 10.5\u2009pg\/mL) and larger when compared with placebo\/no treatment (pooled reduction: 49.7\u2009pg\/mL). NVD supplementation increased levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] in both analyses (increase within NVD study arm: 20.6\u2009ng\/mL, increase versus placebo\/no treatment: 26.9\u2009ng\/mL). While small and statistically non-significant changes in phosphate and fibroblast growth factor 23 were observed, NVD supplementation caused calcium levels to increase when compared with placebo\/no treatment (increase: 0.23\u2009mg\/dL).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our results suggest that supplementation with NVD can be used to increase 25(OH)D to a certain extent, while the potential of NVD to actively reduce PTH in non-dialysis-CKD patients with SHPT is limited.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfab035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,3]],"date-time":"2021-02-03T05:22:14Z","timestamp":1612329734000},"page":"2177-2186","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Impact of nutritional vitamin D supplementation on parathyroid hormone and 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in non-dialysis chronic kidney disease: a meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Jordi","family":"Bover","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3 Puigvert, Servicio de Nefrolog\u00eda, IIB Sant Pau, REDinREN, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joel","family":"Gunnarsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Quantify Research, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philipp","family":"Csomor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vifor Pharma, Glattbrugg, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edelgard","family":"Kaiser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vifor Pharma, Glattbrugg, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Cianciolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology Dialysis and Kidney Transplantation Unit, IRCCS, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, S. Orsola Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosa","family":"Lauppe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Quantify Research, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021093019462056300_sfab035-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.06040710","article-title":"Secondary hyperparathyroidism: pathogenesis, disease progression, and therapeutic options","volume":"6","author":"Cunningham","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2021093019462056300_sfab035-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2012070713","article-title":"Mineral metabolites and CKD progression in African Americans","volume":"24","author":"Scialla","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2021093019462056300_sfab035-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1038\/bonekey.2013.232","article-title":"Vitamin D and chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disease (CKD-MBD)","volume":"3","author":"Nigwekar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bonekey Rep"},{"key":"2021093019462056300_sfab035-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2019","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-019-05033-3","article-title":"Parathyroid hormone independently predicts fracture, vascular events, and death in patients with stage 3 and 4 chronic kidney disease","volume":"30","author":"Geng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"2021093019462056300_sfab035-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"c54","DOI":"10.1159\/000228076","article-title":"Association of secondary hyperparathyroidism with CKD progression, health care costs and survival in diabetic predialysis CKD patients","volume":"113","author":"Schumock","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nephron Clin Pract"},{"key":"2021093019462056300_sfab035-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-010-9897-2","article-title":"Elevated serum parathyroid hormone is a cardiovascular risk factor in moderate chronic kidney disease","volume":"44","author":"Lishmanov","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int Urol Nephrol"},{"key":"2021093019462056300_sfab035-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneph.2009.185","article-title":"Possible renoprotection by vitamin D in chronic renal disease: beyond mineral metabolism","volume":"5","author":"Doorenbos","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Rev Nephrol"},{"key":"2021093019462056300_sfab035-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra070553","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency","volume":"357","author":"Holick","year":"2007","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2021093019462056300_sfab035-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9040328","article-title":"Vitamin D in chronic kidney disease and dialysis patients","volume":"9","author":"Jean","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"2021093019462056300_sfab035-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F8","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00336.2004","article-title":"Vitamin D","volume":"289","author":"Dusso","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol"},{"key":"2021093019462056300_sfab035-B11","first-page":"1","year":"2017"},{"key":"2021093019462056300_sfab035-B12","first-page":"S1","article-title":"Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO). 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