{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T06:10:10Z","timestamp":1773814210715,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,13]],"date-time":"2024-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705104000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Swedish Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["#2019-01059"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#2019-01059"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004543","name":"China Scholarship Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["202008440376"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202008440376"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004543","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010663","name":"European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ERC CoG 818715"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ERC CoG 818715"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A single albuminuria measurement is reported to be an independent predictor of cancer risk. Whether change in albuminuria is also independently associated with cancer is not known.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We included 64\u00a0303 subjects of the Stockholm CREAtinine Measurements (SCREAM) project without a history of cancer and with at least two urine albumin\u2013creatinine ratio (ACR) tests up to 2 years apart. Albuminuria changes were quantified by the fold-change in ACR over 2 years, and stratified into the absence of clinically elevated albuminuria (i.e. never), albuminuria that remained constant, and albuminuria that increased or decreased. The primary outcome was overall cancer incidence. Secondary outcomes were site-specific cancer incidences.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>During a median follow-up of 3.7 (interquartile range 3.6\u20133.7) years, 5126 subjects developed de novo cancer. After multivariable adjustment including baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate and baseline ACR, subjects with increasing ACR over 2 years had a 19% (hazard ratio 1.19; 95% confidence interval 1.08\u20131.31) higher risk of overall cancer compared with those who never had clinically elevated ACR. No association with cancer risk was seen in the groups with decreasing or constant ACR. Regarding site-specific cancer risks, subjects with increasing ACR or constant ACR had a higher risk of developing urinary tract and lung cancer. No other associations between 2-year ACR changes and site-specific cancers were found.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Increases in albuminuria over a 2-year period are associated with a higher risk of developing overall, urinary tract and lung cancer, independent of baseline kidney function and albuminuria. These data add important weight to the link that exists between albuminuria and cancer incidence.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfae009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,13]],"date-time":"2024-01-13T03:01:16Z","timestamp":1705114876000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["An increase in albuminuria is associated with a higher incidence of malignancies"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7855-4669","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li","family":"Luo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lyanne M","family":"Kieneker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuanhang","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0059-872X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roemer J","family":"Janse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Bosi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rudolf A","family":"de Boer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Erasmus MC, Cardiovascular Institute, Thorax Center, Department of Cardiology , Rotterdam , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5576-820X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Priya","family":"Vart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4763-2024","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan-Jesus","family":"Carrero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden"},{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd Hospital , Stockholm , Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3223-0906","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ron T","family":"Gansevoort","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024030715560073700_bib1","first-page":"1","article-title":"KDIGO 2012 clinical practice guideline for the evaluation and management of chronic kidney disease","volume-title":"Kidney Int Suppl","author":"Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes CKD Work Group","year":"2013"},{"key":"2024030715560073700_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2012.06.017","article-title":"Albuminuria, estimated GFR, traditional risk factors, and incident cardiovascular disease: the PREVEND (Prevention of Renal and Vascular Endstage Disease) study","volume":"60","author":"Smink","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"2024030715560073700_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1007\/s40620-020-00740-1","article-title":"Dipstick proteinuria and cancer incidence: a nationwide population-based study","volume":"33","author":"Ahn","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Nephrol"},{"key":"2024030715560073700_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-96388-3","article-title":"Trace proteinuria as a risk factor for cancer death in a general population","volume":"11","author":"Matsui","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2024030715560073700_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2042","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwab140","article-title":"Associations between kidney function, proteinuria, and the risk of kidney cancer: a nationwide cohort study involving 10 million participants","volume":"190","author":"Park","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2024030715560073700_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-056250","article-title":"Association between proteinuria and incident colorectal cancer: analysis of a nationwide population-based database","volume":"12","author":"Matsuoka","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"2024030715560073700_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2017.03.018","article-title":"Kidney function, proteinuria, and cancer incidence: the Korean heart study","volume":"70","author":"Mok","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"2024030715560073700_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwaa043","article-title":"Albuminuria, kidney function, and cancer risk in the community","volume":"189","author":"Mok","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2024030715560073700_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101030","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.101030","article-title":"Kidney function and cancer risk: an analysis using creatinine and cystatin C in a cohort study","volume":"38","author":"Lees","year":"2021","journal-title":"eClinicalMedicine"},{"key":"2024030715560073700_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.13418","article-title":"The Stockholm CREAtinine Measurements (SCREAM) project: fostering improvements in chronic kidney disease care","volume":"291","author":"Carrero","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"key":"2024030715560073700_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2016.09.037","article-title":"Albuminuria changes are associated with subsequent risk of end-stage renal disease and mortality","volume":"91","author":"Carrero","year":"2017","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2024030715560073700_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(18)30313-9","article-title":"Change in albuminuria and subsequent risk of end-stage kidney disease: an individual participant-level consortium meta-analysis of observational studies","volume":"7","author":"Coresh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"2024030715560073700_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-019-00511-8","article-title":"The longitudinal integrated database for health insurance and labour market studies (LISA) and its use in medical research","volume":"34","author":"Ludvigsson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2024030715560073700_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-150-9-200905050-00006","article-title":"A new equation to estimate glomerular filtration rate","volume":"150","author":"Levey","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2024030715560073700_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfac197","article-title":"Removing race from the CKD-EPI equation and its impact on prognosis in a predominantly White European population","volume":"38","author":"Fu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"2024030715560073700_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfac254","article-title":"What should European nephrology do with the new CKD-EPI equation?","volume":"38","author":"Gansevoort","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"2024030715560073700_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1080\/02841860802247664","article-title":"The completeness of the Swedish Cancer Register\u2014A sample survey for year 1998","volume":"48","author":"Barlow","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Oncol (Madr)"},{"key":"2024030715560073700_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfab322","article-title":"Cancer risk in patients with immunoglobulin A nephropathy: a Swedish population-based cohort study","volume":"37","author":"Rehnberg","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"2024030715560073700_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1999.10474144","article-title":"A proportional hazards model for the subdistribution of a competing risk","volume":"94","author":"Fine","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Am Stat Assoc"},{"key":"2024030715560073700_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2021.12.024","article-title":"Renin\u2013angiotensin\u2013aldosterone system inhibitors and survival in patients with hypertension treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors","volume":"163","author":"Drobni","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"2024030715560073700_bib21","first-page":"1","article-title":"Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors and risk of cancer: a population-based cohort study using a common data model","volume":"12","author":"Lee","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diagnostics"},{"key":"2024030715560073700_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1007\/s40620-020-00803-3","article-title":"Blood pressure reduction and RAAS inhibition in diabetic kidney disease: therapeutic potentials and limitations","volume":"33","author":"Leoncini","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Nephrol"},{"key":"2024030715560073700_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-016-0303-x","article-title":"Microvascular endothelial dysfunction is associated with albuminuria and CKD in older adults","volume":"17","author":"Seliger","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"key":"2024030715560073700_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12929-019-0580-3","article-title":"Active roles of dysfunctional vascular endothelium in fibrosis and cancer","volume":"26","author":"Hsu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Biomed Sci"},{"key":"2024030715560073700_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1007\/s10157-018-1567-1","article-title":"Independent regulation of renin\u2013angiotensin\u2013aldosterone system in the kidney","volume":"22","author":"Nishiyama","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Exp Nephrol"},{"key":"2024030715560073700_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.736361","article-title":"The effect of local renin angiotensin system in the common types of cancer","volume":"12","author":"Almutlaq","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"2024030715560073700_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2011.1142","article-title":"Association between smoking and risk of bladder cancer among men and women","volume":"306","author":"Freedman","year":"2011","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2024030715560073700_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(08)70154-2","article-title":"Cigarette smoking and subsequent risk of lung cancer in men and women: analysis of a prospective cohort study","volume":"9","author":"Freedman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"2024030715560073700_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2009.07.005","article-title":"Urothelial signaling","volume":"153","author":"Birder","year":"2010","journal-title":"Auton Neurosci Basic Clin"},{"key":"2024030715560073700_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2437","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfad145","article-title":"Albuminuria and the risk of cancer: the Stockholm CREAtinine Measurements (SCREAM) project","volume":"16","author":"Luo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Kidney J"},{"key":"2024030715560073700_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1980","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.17598","article-title":"Bladder cancer a review","volume":"324","author":"Lenis","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2024030715560073700_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1097\/JU.0000000000001297","article-title":"Microhematuria: AUA\/SUFU guideline","volume":"204","author":"Barocas","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Urol"}],"container-title":["Clinical Kidney Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ckj\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ckj\/sfae009\/55612968\/sfae009.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ckj\/article-pdf\/17\/3\/sfae009\/56892977\/sfae009.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ckj\/article-pdf\/17\/3\/sfae009\/56892977\/sfae009.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,7]],"date-time":"2024-03-07T17:52:39Z","timestamp":1709833959000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ckj\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/ckj\/sfae009\/7521310"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,12]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ckj\/sfae009","relation":{},"ISSN":["2048-8505","2048-8513"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2048-8505","type":"print"},{"value":"2048-8513","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,12]]},"article-number":"sfae009"}}