{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T20:19:44Z","timestamp":1790108384896,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,1]],"date-time":"2024-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719792000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Japanese Society of Peritoneal Dialysis"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Peritoneal dialysis (PD)-related peritonitis is a major complication of PD. Wide variations in peritonitis prevention, treatment strategies and consequences are seen between countries. These between-country differences may result from modifiable risk factors and clinical practices.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 1225 Japanese PD patients were included and prospectively followed in the Peritoneal Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study phase 1 (2014\u20132018) and phase 2 (2018\u20132022). Associations between PD-related peritonitis and various risk factors were assessed by Cox proportional hazards survival models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>During follow-up (median 1.52\u00a0years), 539 peritonitis episodes were experienced by 364 patients. The country crude peritonitis rate was 0.27 episodes\/patient-year. In the fully adjusted model, noticeable patient-level factors associated with experiencing any peritonitis included age {hazard ratio [HR] 1.07 per 5-year increase [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01\u20131.14]}, serum albumin level [HR 0.63 per 1\u00a0g\/dl higher (95% CI 0.48\u20130.82)] and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (PD) [HR 1.31 versus automated PD (95% CI 1.05\u20131.63)]. The adoption of antibiotic prophylaxis practice at the time of PD catheter insertion [HR 0.63 (95% CI 0.51\u20130.78)] or when having complicated dental procedures [HR 0.74 (95% CI 0.57\u20130.95)] or lower endoscopy [HR 0.69 (95% CI 0.54\u20130.89)] were associated with lower hazards of any peritonitis, while a routine facility practice of having more frequent regular medical visits was associated with a higher hazard.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Identification of risk factors in Japan may be useful for developing future versions of guidelines and improving clinical practices in Japan. Investigation of country-level risk factors for PD-related peritonitis is useful for developing and implementing local peritonitis prevention and treatment strategies<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfae202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,1]],"date-time":"2024-07-01T20:01:08Z","timestamp":1719864068000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Risk factors of peritoneal dialysis\u2013related peritonitis in the Japan Peritoneal Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (PDOPPS)"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9676-6961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasuhiko","family":"Ito","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"D , Nagakute, Japan"},{"name":"epartment of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Aichi Medical University , Nagakute, 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