{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T17:08:50Z","timestamp":1788282530084,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,23]],"date-time":"2024-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724371200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We aimed to explore the relationship between serum bicarbonate (SBC) and mortality in advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) during three distinct treatment periods: during the pre-kidney replacement therapy (KRT) period, during the transition phase surrounding the start of KRT (transition-CKD) and during KRT.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Using the European QUALity Study on treatment in advanced CKD (EQUAL) cohort, which includes patients aged \u226565\u00a0years and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) \u226420\u00a0mL\/min\/1.73 m2 from six European countries, we explored the association between longitudinal SBC and all-cause mortality in three separate CKD populations: pre-KRT, transition-CKD and in the KRT populations, using multivariable time-dependent Cox regression models. We evaluated effect modification by pre-specified variables on the relationship between SBC and mortality.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We included 1485 patients with a median follow-up of 2.9 (interquartile range 2.7) years, during which 529 (35.6%) patients died. A U-shaped relationship between SBC levels and all-cause mortality was observed in the pre-KRT population (P\u00a0=\u00a0.03). Low cumulative exposure, defined as the area under the SBC trajectory before KRT initiation, was associated with increased mortality risk after transitioning to KRT (P\u00a0=\u00a0.01). Similarly, in the KRT population, low SBC levels showed a trend towards increased mortality risk (P\u00a0=\u00a0.13). We observed effect modification by subjective global assessment category (P-value for interaction\u00a0=\u00a0.02) and KRT (P-value for interaction\u00a0=\u00a0.02).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A U-shaped relationship describes the association between SBC and mortality in the advanced CKD pre-KRT population, whereas in the KRT population a trend towards an increased mortality risk was observed for low SBC levels.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfae254","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,23]],"date-time":"2024-08-23T02:55:11Z","timestamp":1724381711000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Longitudinal serum bicarbonate and mortality risk in older patients with advanced chronic kidney disease: analyses from the EQUAL cohort"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2298-1420","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianmarco","family":"Lombardi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata , Verona ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas C","family":"Chesnaye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ERA Registry, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam , Medical Informatics, Amsterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute , Quality of Care, Amsterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fergus J","family":"Caskey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol , Bristol ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Friedo W","family":"Dekker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8650-5795","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marie","family":"Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Renal Unit, Department of Clinical Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital , Stockholm ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olof","family":"Heimburger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Renal Unit, Department of Clinical Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital , Stockholm ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Pippias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol , Bristol ,","place":["UK"]},{"name":"North Bristol NHS Trust, Renal Unit , Bristol ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Torino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Physiology-National Research Council, Clinical Epidemiology and Pathophysiology of Renal Diseases and Hypertension , Reggio Calabria ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maciej","family":"Szymczak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University , Wroclaw ,","place":["Poland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christiane","family":"Drechsler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Research and Epidemiology, University Hospital W\u00fcrzburg, W\u00fcrzburg ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9507-5301","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christoph","family":"Wanner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Research and Epidemiology, University Hospital W\u00fcrzburg, W\u00fcrzburg ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5733-2370","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanni","family":"Gambaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata , Verona ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0007-1947","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vianda S","family":"Stel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ERA Registry, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam , Medical Informatics, Amsterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute , Quality of Care, Amsterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0444-8569","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kitty J","family":"Jager","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ERA Registry, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam , Medical Informatics, Amsterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute , Quality of Care, Amsterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1379-022X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pietro Manuel","family":"Ferraro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata , Verona ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"the EQUAL study investigators","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Schneider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anke","family":"Torp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beate","family":"Iwig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boris","family":"Perras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Marx","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christiane","family":"Drechsler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christof","family":"Blaser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Wanner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Emde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Detlef","family":"Krieter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dunja","family":"Fuchs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ellen","family":"Irmler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Platen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans","family":"Schmidt-G\u00fcrtler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hendrik","family":"Schlee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Holger","family":"Naujoks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ines","family":"Schlee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabine","family":"C\u00e4sar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joachim","family":"Beige","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jochen","family":"R\u00f6thele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justyna","family":"Mazur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"Hahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katja","family":"Blouin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katrin","family":"Neumeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kirsten","family":"Anding-Rost","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lothar","family":"Schramm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Hopf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadja","family":"Wuttke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikolaus","family":"Frischmuth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pawlos","family":"Ichtiaris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petra","family":"Kirste","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petra","family":"Schulz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabine","family":"Aign","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Biribauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sherin","family":"Manan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silke","family":"R\u00f6ser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Heidenreich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Palm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanne","family":"Schwedler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sylke","family":"Delrieux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sylvia","family":"Renker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sylvia","family":"Sch\u00e4ttel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theresa","family":"Stephan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Schmiedeke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Weinreich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Til","family":"Leimbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Torsten","family":"St\u00f6vesand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Udo","family":"Bahner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Seeger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adamasco","family":"Cupisti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adelia","family":"Sagliocca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Ferraro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Mele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Naticchia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"C\u00f2saro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Ranghino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Stucchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angelo","family":"Pignataro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonella","family":"De Blasio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonello","family":"Pani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aris","family":"Tsalouichos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bellasi","family":"Antonio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Biagio Raffaele Di","family":"Iorio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Butti","family":"Alessandra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cataldo","family":"Abaterusso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Somma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"D'alessandro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Torino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Zullo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudio","family":"Pozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Bergamo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniele","family":"Ciurlino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daria","family":"Motta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Domenico","family":"Russo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enrico","family":"Favaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federica","family":"Vigotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ferruccio","family":"Ansali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ferruccio","family":"Conte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Cianciotta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Giacchino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Cappellaio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Pizzarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaetano","family":"Greco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaetana","family":"Porto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giada","family":"Bigatti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giancarlo","family":"Marinangeli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gianfranca","family":"Cabiddu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giordano","family":"Fumagalli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giorgia","family":"Caloro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giorgina","family":"Piccoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanbattista","family":"Capasso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Gambaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuliana","family":"Tognarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Bonforte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Conte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Toscano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Goffredo","family":"Del Rosso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Capizzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivano","family":"Baragetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lamberto","family":"Oldrizzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Loreto","family":"Gesualdo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luigi","family":"Biancone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuela","family":"Magnano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Ricardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Di","family":"Bari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Laudato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Luisa","family":"Sirico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Ferraresi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Provenzano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moreno","family":"Malaguti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Palmieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Murrone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pietro","family":"Cirillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pietro","family":"Dattolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pina","family":"Acampora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rita","family":"Nigro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Boero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Scarpioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosa","family":"Sicoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosella","family":"Malandra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvana","family":"Savoldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvio","family":"Bertoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvio","family":"Borrelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefania","family":"Maxia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Maffei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Mangano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"Cicchetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiziana","family":"Rappa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Palazzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walter","family":"De Simone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anita","family":"Schrander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bastiaan","family":"van Dam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carl","family":"Siegert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Gaillard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Beerenhout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cornelis","family":"Verburgh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cynthia","family":"Janmaat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ellen","family":"Hoogeveen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ewout","family":"Hoorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Friedo","family":"Dekker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes","family":"Boots","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henk","family":"Boom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan-Willem","family":"Eijgenraam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeroen","family":"Kooman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joris","family":"Rotmans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kitty","family":"Jager","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liffert","family":"Vogt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maarten","family":"Raasveld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Vervloet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marjolijn","family":"van Buren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Merel","family":"van Diepen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Chesnaye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Leurs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pauline","family":"Voskamp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Blankestijn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sadie","family":"van Esch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siska","family":"Boorsma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Berger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Constantijn","family":"Konings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zeynep","family":"Aydin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Musia\u0142a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Szymczak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ewelina","family":"Olczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanna","family":"Augustyniak-Bartosik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilona","family":"Mi\u015bkowiec-Wi\u015bniewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacek","family":"Manitius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanna","family":"Pondel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamila","family":"J\u0119drzejak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Nowa\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u0141ukasz","family":"Nowak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maciej","family":"Szymczak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Durlik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Szyszkowska","family":"Dorota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"Nieszporek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zbigniew","family":"Heleniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Jonsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna-Lena","family":"Blom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bj\u00f6rn","family":"Rogland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carin","family":"Wallquist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denes","family":"Vargas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Em\u00f6ke","family":"Dim\u00e9ny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fredrik","family":"Sundelin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fredrik","family":"Uhlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gunilla","family":"Welander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabel Bascaran","family":"Hernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Knut-Christian","family":"Gr\u00f6ntoft","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Stendahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Svensson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie","family":"Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olof","family":"Heimburger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pavlos","family":"Kashioulis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Melander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tora","family":"Almquist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulrika","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alistair","family":"Woodman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"McKeever","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asad","family":"Ullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"McLaren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camille","family":"Harron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Barrett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlotte","family":"O'Toole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Summersgill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Colin","family":"Geddes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deborah","family":"Glowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deborah","family":"McGlynn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dympna","family":"Sands","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fergus","family":"Caskey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geena","family":"Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gillian","family":"Hirst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hayley","family":"King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen","family":"McNally","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Houda","family":"Masri-Senghor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hugh","family":"Murtagh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hugh","family":"Rayner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jane","family":"Turner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanne","family":"Wilcox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jocelyn","family":"Berdeprado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joyce","family":"Banda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kirsteen","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lesley","family":"Haydock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lily","family":"Wilkinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaret","family":"Carmody","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Weetman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Joinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Dutton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Matthews","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neal","family":"Morgan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nina","family":"Bleakley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Cockwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Roderick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phil","family":"Mason","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"Kalra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rincy","family":"Sajith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sally","family":"Chapman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Santee","family":"Navjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Crosbie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharon","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheila","family":"Tickle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suresh","family":"Mathavakkannan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Kuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024112912161419800_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2232","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.07400715","article-title":"Acid-base homeostasis","volume":"10","author":"Hamm","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2024112912161419800_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2015.08.028","article-title":"Metabolic acidosis of CKD: an update","volume":"67","author":"Kraut","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"2024112912161419800_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2014020205","article-title":"Current status of bicarbonate in CKD","volume":"26","author":"Dobre","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2024112912161419800_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-021-02385-z","article-title":"Metabolic acidosis is associated with increased risk of adverse kidney outcomes and mortality in patients with non-dialysis dependent chronic kidney disease: an observational cohort study","volume":"22","author":"Tangri","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"key":"2024112912161419800_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2395","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.03730411","article-title":"Serum bicarbonate and mortality in stage 3 and stage 4 chronic kidney disease","volume":"6","author":"Navaneethan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2024112912161419800_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfs609","article-title":"Serum bicarbonate and mortality in adults in NHANES III","volume":"28","author":"Raphael","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"2024112912161419800_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2010.03.023","article-title":"Serum bicarbonate and long-term outcomes in CKD","volume":"56","author":"Menon","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"2024112912161419800_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.00010505","article-title":"Association between serum bicarbonate and death in hemodialysis patients: is it better to be acidotic or alkalotic?","volume":"1","author":"Wu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2024112912161419800_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1232","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfn633","article-title":"Association of serum bicarbonate levels with mortality in patients with non-dialysis-dependent CKD","volume":"24","author":"Kovesdy","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"2024112912161419800_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1159\/000513855","article-title":"Association of pre-ESRD serum bicarbonate with post-ESRD mortality in patients with incident ESRD","volume":"52","author":"Tantisattamo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Nephrol"},{"key":"2024112912161419800_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(04)00936-9","article-title":"Association of predialysis serum bicarbonate levels with risk of mortality and hospitalization in the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS)","volume":"44","author":"Bommer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"2024112912161419800_bib12","first-page":"647","article-title":"Alkalinization potentiates vascular calcium deposition in an uremic milieu","volume":"22","author":"de Solis","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Nephrol"},{"key":"2024112912161419800_bib13","first-page":"354","article-title":"Metabolic alkalosis","volume":"46","author":"Khanna","year":"2001","journal-title":"Respir Care"},{"key":"2024112912161419800_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.05780612","article-title":"Dialysis modality and correction of uremic metabolic acidosis: relationship with all-cause and cause-specific mortality","volume":"8","author":"Vashistha","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2024112912161419800_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2015.04.014","article-title":"Predialysis and postdialysis pH and bicarbonate and risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in long-term hemodialysis patients","volume":"66","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"2024112912161419800_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfs277","article-title":"The EQUAL study: a European study in chronic kidney disease stage 4 patients","volume":"27","author":"Jager","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"2024112912161419800_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-150-9-200905050-00006","article-title":"A new equation to estimate glomerular filtration rate","volume":"150","author":"Levey","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2024112912161419800_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4414","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfs461","article-title":"New primary renal diagnosis codes for the ERA-EDTA","volume":"27","author":"Venkat-Raman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"2024112912161419800_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"012104","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-6596\/2090\/1\/012104","article-title":"An improved trapezoidal rule for numerical integration","volume":"2090","author":"Abdulhameed","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Phys Conf Ser"},{"key":"2024112912161419800_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.03.003","article-title":"Metabolic acidosis of CKD: diagnosis, clinical characteristics, and treatment","volume":"45","author":"Kraut","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"2024112912161419800_bib21","first-page":"S78","article-title":"Catabolism in uremia: the impact of metabolic acidosis","volume":"9","author":"Franch","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2024112912161419800_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S21","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2005.09503.x","article-title":"Risks of chronic metabolic acidosis in patients with chronic kidney disease","volume":"67","author":"Kopple","year":"2005","journal-title":"Kidney Int Suppl"},{"key":"2024112912161419800_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2013.01.017","article-title":"Association of serum bicarbonate with risk of renal and cardiovascular outcomes in CKD: a report from the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) study","volume":"62","author":"Dobre","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"2024112912161419800_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0894-0959.2004.17606.x","article-title":"Metabolic acidosis and malnutrition-inflammation complex syndrome in chronic renal failure","volume":"17","author":"Kalantar-Zadeh","year":"2004","journal-title":"Semin Dial"},{"key":"2024112912161419800_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5086","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.273.9.5086","article-title":"Low environmental pH is responsible for the induction of nitric-oxide synthase in macrophages. Evidence for involvement of nuclear factor-kappaB activation","volume":"273","author":"Bellocq","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2024112912161419800_bib26","first-page":"1","article-title":"KDIGO 2012 clinical practice guideline for the evaluation and management of chronic kidney disease","volume":"3","author":"Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) CKD Work Group","year":"2013","journal-title":"Kidney Int Suppl"},{"key":"2024112912161419800_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1007\/s40620-019-00656-5","article-title":"Treatment of metabolic acidosis with sodium bicarbonate delays progression of chronic kidney disease: the UBI Study","volume":"32","author":"Di Iorio","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Nephrol"},{"key":"2024112912161419800_bib28","first-page":"CD001890","article-title":"Correction of chronic metabolic acidosis for chronic kidney disease patients","volume":"2007","author":"Roderick","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"2024112912161419800_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1159\/000339329","article-title":"Short- and long-term effects of alkali therapy in chronic kidney disease: a systematic review","volume":"35","author":"Susantitaphong","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Nephrol"},{"key":"2024112912161419800_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-020-01542-9","article-title":"Clinical and cost-effectiveness of oral sodium bicarbonate therapy for older patients with chronic kidney disease and low-grade acidosis (BiCARB): a pragmatic randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"18","author":"BiCARB study group","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Med"}],"container-title":["Clinical Kidney Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ckj\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ckj\/sfae254\/58894785\/sfae254.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ckj\/article-pdf\/17\/11\/sfae254\/60899113\/sfae254.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ckj\/article-pdf\/17\/11\/sfae254\/60899113\/sfae254.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,29]],"date-time":"2024-11-29T12:16:26Z","timestamp":1732882586000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ckj\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/ckj\/sfae254\/7739171"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,22]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ckj\/sfae254","relation":{},"ISSN":["2048-8505","2048-8513"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2048-8505","type":"print"},{"value":"2048-8513","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,22]]},"article-number":"sfae254"}}