{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T14:51:59Z","timestamp":1787237519920,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,8]],"date-time":"2024-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728345600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Anti-phospholipid antibodies nephropathy (aPL-N) is a complex feature of anti-phospholipid syndrome due to microvascular lesions. Renal prognosis and predictors of outcome are not yet known.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We performed a systematic review of the literature (February 2006\u2013January 2024) using the PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library and EMBASE databases. Two reviewers independently conducted literature screening and data extraction in a blinded, standardized manner. A random effects model was used to pool odds ratios (ORs) [with 95% confidence interval (CI)] for the primary analysis, the risk of kidney failure. Subgroup analyses were performed for clinical and laboratory features that predicted renal outcomes. Heterogeneity was assessed by I2.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Six records involving 709 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Biopsy-proven aPL-N was found in 238\/832 (28.6%) patients. Acute kidney injury (AKI) was present at diagnosis in 20\/65 (30.8%), while 73\/233 (31.3%) patients with aPL-N developed chronic kidney disease (CKD)\/end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) at follow-up. aPL-N was associated with an increased risk of CKD\/ESKD [OR 6.89 (95% CI 2.42\u201319.58)] and AKI [OR 2.97 (95% CI 1\u20134-6.29)]. Arterial hypertension and positivity for lupus anticoagulant, anti-cardiolipin antibodies and anti-\u03b22 glycoprotein I antibodies were associated with an increased risk of developing aPL-N [OR 3.7 (95% CI 1.9\u20137.23), OR 4.01 (95% CI 1.88\u20138.53), OR 2.35 (95% CI 1.31\u20134.21) and OR 19.2 (95% CI 2.91\u2013125.75), respectively].<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>aPL-N is associated with poor renal outcomes. High blood pressure and aPL positivity have been identified as predictors of adverse renal outcomes. This up-to-date knowledge on renal outcomes and predictors of renal outcomes in aPL-N enables a personalized follow-up and therapeutic approach.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfae302","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,8]],"date-time":"2024-10-08T04:02:36Z","timestamp":1728360156000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Anti-phospholipid antibodies nephropathy is associated with an increased risk of kidney failure: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7741-6432","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ariela","family":"Hoxha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Unit, Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Center, Department of Medicine, University of Padua , Padua 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