{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T14:01:58Z","timestamp":1793887318161,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,13]],"date-time":"2025-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755043200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI13\/02495"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI13\/02495"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ICI14\/00350"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ICI14\/00350"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Patients with primary membranous nephropathy may progress to advanced chronic kidney disease despite immunosuppressive therapy (IST). Prediction of treatment response based on early and combined assessment of several standard clinical markers could improve risk stratification for progression, allowing timely individualization of treatment, which can optimize clinical outcomes and safety.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In this post hoc exploratory analysis of the STARMEN trial, we evaluated if combined baseline data, and IST-induced early changes in standard clinical markers predicted clinical remission at 2 years. The 2-year primary outcome was complete (CR) or partial remission (PR). The secondary outcome was CR. Additionally, we described kidney function outcomes. Standard clinical markers were incorporated into statistical modeling by logistic regression. Predictive performance was assessed by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The best multivariate model excluding immunosuppression to predict complete or PR at 2 years, included 3-month 24-h proteinuria, serum creatinine and immunological response [area under the curve (AUC) 0.87, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.76\u20130.94, efficiency 87%]. For CR at 2 years, the best model included the same clinical markers at 6 months, but predictive performance was lower (AUC 0.74, 95% CI 0.62\u20130.85, efficiency 70%).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In the STARMEN cohort, a multivariable model that included 24-h proteinuria, serum creatinine and immunological response status at 3 months after initiation of IST predicted clinical remission at 2 years with significantly better predictive performance than baseline data or each clinical marker assessed separately.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfaf256","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,13]],"date-time":"2025-08-13T16:04:22Z","timestamp":1755101062000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Identification of early predictors of clinical remission in primary membranous nephropathy: a <i>post hoc<\/i> analysis of the STARMEN trial"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2730-6328","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge E","family":"Rojas-Rivera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Universitario Fundaci\u00f3n Jim\u00e9nez D\u00edaz & Current Visiting Research Scholar, The Ohio State University \u2013 Wexner Medical Center Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, , Columbus, OH ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid, Madrid ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5830-9663","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando","family":"Caravaca-Font\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Department of Nephrology, \u00a0 Madrid ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne-Els","family":"van de Logt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radboud Institute of Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre Department of Nephrology, , Nijmegen ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angel","family":"Sevillano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Department of Nephrology, \u00a0 Madrid ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7039-4701","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amir","family":"Shabaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid Department of Nephrology, ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"\u00c1vila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Universitario Doctor Peset, Valencia Department of Nephrology, ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Rabasco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Universitario Reina Sof\u00eda, C\u00f3rdoba Department of Nephrology, ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virginia","family":"Cabello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Universitario Virgen del Roc\u00edo, Sevilla Department of Nephrology, ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9805-9523","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alberto","family":"Ortiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Universitario Fundaci\u00f3n Jim\u00e9nez D\u00edaz & Current Visiting Research Scholar, The Ohio State University \u2013 Wexner Medical Center Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, , Columbus, OH ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid, Madrid ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7582-8476","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis F","family":"Quintana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Barcelona IDIBAPS and Centro de Referencia en Enfermedad Glomerular Compleja del Sistema Nacional de Salud (CSUR), Barcelona Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, Hospital Clinic, Department of Medicine, ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marian","family":"Goicoechea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Universitario Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n, Madrid Department of Nephrology, ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5172-3370","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Montserrat","family":"Diaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3n Puigvert Department of Nephrology, , Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0280-6900","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pierre","family":"Ronco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale (INSERM UMRS), Hospital Tenon , Paris ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jack","family":"Wetzels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radboud Institute of Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre Department of Nephrology, , Nijmegen ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gema","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Ju\u00e1rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid Department of Nephrology, ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9270-1071","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel","family":"Praga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n 12 de Octubre, Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Madrid ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-021-00303-z","article-title":"Membranous nephropathy","volume":"7","author":"Ronco","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-022-00564-1","article-title":"Membranous nephropathy: new pathogenic mechanisms and their clinical implications","volume":"18","author":"Hoxha","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Nephrol"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199307083290203","article-title":"Prognosis of untreated patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy","volume":"329","author":"Schieppati","year":"1993","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2021.05.015","article-title":"Executive summary of the KDIGO 2021 guideline for the management of glomerular diseases","volume":"100","author":"Rovin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2021.05.021","article-title":"Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes Glomerular Diseases Work Group. KDIGO 2021 clinical practice guideline for the management of glomerular diseases","volume":"100","year":"2021","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1053\/ajkd.1998.v31.pm9428445","article-title":"Prognostic factors in idiopathic membranous nephropathy","volume":"31","author":"Reichert","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2188","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.05080610","article-title":"Rituximab therapy in idiopathic membranous nephropathy: a 2-year study","volume":"5","author":"Fervenza","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin J Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1543","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2010111125","article-title":"Rituximab-induced depletion of anti-PLA2R autoantibodies predicts response in membranous nephropathy","volume":"22","author":"Beck","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2012.486","article-title":"Anti-PLA2R antibodies measured by ELISA predict long-term outcome in a prevalent population of patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy","volume":"83","author":"Kanigicheria","year":"2013","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2013040430","article-title":"Phospholipase A2 receptor autoantibodies and clinical outcome in patients with primary membranous nephropathy","volume":"25","author":"Hoxha","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2545","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2014070640","article-title":"Anti-phospholipase A2 receptor antibody titer predicts post-rituximab outcomes of membranous nephropathy","volume":"26","author":"Ruggenenti","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1386","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.10471013","article-title":"Association of anti-PLA2R antibodies with outcomes after immunosuppressive therapy in idiopathic membranous nephropathy","volume":"9","author":"Bech","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2016040449","article-title":"Rituximab for severe membranous nephropathy: a 6-month trial with extended follow-up","volume":"28","author":"Dahan","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1814427","article-title":"Rituximab or cyclosporine in the treatment of membranous nephropathy","volume":"381","author":"Fervenza","year":"2019","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfv075","article-title":"A European multicentre and open-label controlled randomized trial to evaluate the efficacy of sequential treatment with tacrolimus-rituximab versus steroids plus cyclophosphamide in patients with primary membranous nephropathy: the STARMEN study","volume":"8","author":"Rojas-Rivera","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Kidney J"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2020.10.014","article-title":"The STARMEN trial indicates that alternating treatment with corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide is superior to sequential treatment with tacrolimus and rituximab in primary membranous nephropathy","volume":"99","author":"Fernandez-Juarez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2020071091","article-title":"Rituximab or cyclophosphamide in the treatment of membranous nephropathy: the RI-CYCLO randomized trial","volume":"32","author":"Scolari","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2653","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2021.07.028","article-title":"Long-term follow-up of cyclical cyclophosphamide and steroids versus tacrolimus and steroids in primary membranous nephropathy","volume":"6","author":"Ramachandran","year":"2021","journal-title":"Kidney Int Rep"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.0000000000000237","article-title":"AntiPLA2R antibody levels and clinical risk factor for treatment nonresponse in membranous nephropathy","volume":"18","author":"Barbour","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"g7594","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g7594","article-title":"Transparent reporting of a multivariable prediction model for individual prognosis or diagnosis (TRIPOD): the TRIPOD statement","volume":"350","author":"Collins","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1177\/1536867\u00d715015002","article-title":"A general-purpose nomogram generator for predictive logistic regression models","volume":"15","author":"Zlotnik","year":"2015","journal-title":"Stata J"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1159\/000339628","article-title":"Idiopathic membranous nephropathy: clinical and histologic prognostic features and treatment patterns over time at a tertiary referral center","volume":"36","author":"Sprangers","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Nephrol"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-023-03288-x","article-title":"Clinical covariates influencing clinical outcomes in primary membranous nephropathy","volume":"24","author":"Westermann","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1899","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2007020166","article-title":"A randomized, controlled trial of steroids and cyclophosphamide in adults with nephrotic syndrome caused by idiopathic membranous nephropathy","volume":"18","author":"Jha","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2729","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2016091022","article-title":"Safety of rituximab compared with steroids and cyclophosphamide for idiopathic membranous nephropathy","volume":"28","author":"van den Brand","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfw152","article-title":"Intravenous cyclophosphamide and oral prednisolone is a safe and effective treatment option for idiopathic membranous nephropathy","volume":"10","author":"Mathrani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Kidney J"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5002215","article-title":"Tacrolimus monotherapy in membranous nephropathy: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"71","author":"Praga","year":"2007","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e26628","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000026628","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of tacrolimus monotherapy versus cyclophosphamide-corticosteroid combination therapy for idiopathic membranous nephropathy: a meta-analysis","volume":"100","author":"Gong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1997.127","article-title":"Validation of a predictive model of idiopathic membranous nephropathy: its clinical and research implications","volume":"51","author":"Cattran","year":"1997","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1591","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.11001210","article-title":"Have we changed the outcome in membranous nephropathy? A propensity study on the role of immunosuppressive therapy","volume":"6","author":"Cattran","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfu306","article-title":"Predictors of response and relapse in patients with primary membranous nephropathy treated with tacrolimus","volume":"30","author":"Caro","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-021-01656-1","article-title":"Recent clinical trials insights into the treatment of primary membranous nephropathy","volume":"82","author":"Rojas-Rivera","year":"2022","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1605","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2023.05.019","article-title":"PLA2R antibody does not outperform conventional clinical markers in predicting outcomes in membranous nephropathy","volume":"8","author":"Ragy","year":"2023","journal-title":"Kidney Int Rep"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"sfae104","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfae104","article-title":"Combined evaluation of glomerular phospholipase A2 receptor and immunoglobulin G subclass in membranous nephropathy","volume":"17","author":"Ueki","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Kidney J"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1521013","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/1521013","article-title":"A PLA2R-IgG4 antibody-based predictive model for assessing risk stratification of idiopathic membranous nephropathy","volume":"2021","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Healthc Eng"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1416","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2012020181","article-title":"Rituximab in idiopathic membranous nephropathy","volume":"23","author":"Ruggenenti","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1158","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfx295","article-title":"Rituximab for non-responsive idiopathic membranous nephropathy in a Chinese cohort","volume":"33","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2018.08.045","article-title":"Retreatment with rituximab for membranous nephropathy with persistent elevated titers of anti-phospholipase A2 receptor antibody","volume":"95","author":"Dahan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2019.12.006","article-title":"Rituximab in patients with phospholipase A2 receptor associated membranous nephropathy and severe CKD","volume":"5","author":"Hanset","year":"2020","journal-title":"Kidney Int Rep"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2021.04.014","article-title":"Combination of rituximab, low-dose cyclophosphamide, and prednisone for primary membranous nephropathy: a case series with extended follow-up","volume":"78","author":"Zonozi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2020.02.444","article-title":"Successful treatment of patient with refractory PLA2R-associated membranous nephropathy with obinutuzumab: a report of 3 cases","volume":"76","author":"Klomjit","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1515","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2020.06.030","article-title":"Obinutuzumab is effective for the treatment of refractory membranous nephropathy","volume":"5","author":"Sethi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Kidney Int Rep"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfz086","article-title":"Effect of belimumab on proteinuria and anti-phospholipase A2 receptor autoantibody in membranous nephropathy","volume":"35","author":"Barret","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2009080861","article-title":"Spontaneous remission of nephrotic syndrome in idiopathic membranous nephropathy","volume":"21","author":"Polanco","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2023.06.032","article-title":"Mayo Clinic consensus report on membranous nephropathy: proposal for a novel classification","volume":"104","author":"Sethi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2017070734","article-title":"Phospholipase A2 receptor 1 epitope spreading at baseline predicts reduced likelihood of remission of membranous nephropathy","volume":"29","author":"Seitz-Polski","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2204233","article-title":"Empagliflozin in patients with chronic kidney disease","volume":"388","author":"EMPA-KIDNEY Collaborative Group","year":"2023","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2021.03.033","article-title":"A pre-specified analysis of DAPA-CKD trial demonstrates the effects of dapagliflozin on major adverse kidney events in patients with IgA nephropathy","volume":"100","author":"Wheeler","year":"2021","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2025090104420542100_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfad175","article-title":"Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibition in primary and secondary glomerulonephritis","volume":"39","author":"Caravaca-Font\u00e1n","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"}],"container-title":["Clinical Kidney Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ckj\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ckj\/sfaf256\/64037065\/sfaf256.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ckj\/article-pdf\/18\/9\/sfaf256\/64037065\/sfaf256.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ckj\/article-pdf\/18\/9\/sfaf256\/64037065\/sfaf256.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T08:42:12Z","timestamp":1756716132000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ckj\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/ckj\/sfaf256\/8233675"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,13]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ckj\/sfaf256","relation":{},"ISSN":["2048-8505","2048-8513"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2048-8505","type":"print"},{"value":"2048-8513","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,13]]},"article-number":"sfaf256"}}