{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T15:13:11Z","timestamp":1777993991471,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764806400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000389","name":"British Renal Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000389","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Self-management should be better defined within kidney research and clinical practice. A focus on dialysis related tasks and adherence continues to be central to current measures. PRIESM CKD-HD (Patient Reported Instrument for Engagement in Self-Management for people with Chronic Kidney Disease, receiving Haemodialysis) aligns with a biopsychosocial model and measures engagement in self-management by people receiving haemodialysis (HD). This provides the opportunity to identify gaps and foster discussion about targeted support.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Scale development was undertaken using a sequential mixed-methods approach, comprising literature review, qualitative interviews with HD patients (n\u00a0=\u00a027), expert consensus (n\u00a0=\u00a019) and cognitive testing (n\u00a0=\u00a011). A large-scale survey (n\u00a0=\u00a0363) across three kidney centres was conducted to validate the scale, with subgroup follow-up 4\u20136 weeks later. Exploratory factor analyses were conducted to assess model fit, reliability and validity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PRIESM CKD-HD is a valid and reliable measurement. Exploratory factor analysis indicated a three-factor model consisting of daily managing and impact (\u03b1\u00a0=\u00a00.91), communication (\u03b1\u00a0=\u00a00.84) and clinical care (\u03b1\u00a0=\u00a00.66). Model statistics, \u03c72\u00a0=\u00a0703, 296 df, P\u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a0.001, CFI\u00a0=\u00a00.87, TLI\u00a0=\u00a00.86, RMSEA\u00a0=\u00a00.07, SRMR\u00a0=\u00a00.07, overall \u03b1\u00a0=\u00a00.92. Correlation with measures of depression [r(328)\u00a0=\u00a0\u20130.74, P\u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a0.001] and self-efficacy [r(337)\u00a0=\u00a00.75, P\u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a0.001] provided further evidence of validity. Test\u2013retest reliability r\u00a0=\u00a00.84, P\u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a0.001, indicates good linear agreement over time (n\u00a0=\u00a095).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PRIESM CKD-HD is the first measure of self-management that reframes the concept from the patient perspective and incorporates the psychosocial aspects of treatment impact and daily managing for HD patients. Findings suggest the perception that not all individuals wish to self-manage should be refuted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfaf364","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T13:20:43Z","timestamp":1764854443000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A new self-management engagement scale for haemodialysis patients (PRIESM CKD-HD): development and validation"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9423-7089","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helen Munro","family":"Wild","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Sport and Geography, School of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Hertfordshire , Hertfordshire ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2895-7838","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Wellsted","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Sport and Geography, School of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Hertfordshire , Hertfordshire ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Davenport","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCL Department of Renal Medicine, University College London , London ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Cockwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Department of Renal Medicine , Birmingham ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ken","family":"Farrington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Sport and Geography, School of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Hertfordshire , Hertfordshire ,","place":["UK"]},{"name":"Renal Unit, Lister Hospital , Stevenage ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib1","first-page":"255","article-title":"Delineation of self-care and associated concepts","volume":"43","author":"Richard","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Nurs Scholarsh"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1443","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-6773.2006.00669.x","article-title":"Do increases in patient activation result in improved self-management behaviors?","volume":"42","author":"Hibbard","year":"2007","journal-title":"Health Serv Res"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-8-91","article-title":"Self-management of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a qualitative investigation from the perspective of participants in a nurse-led, shared-care programme in the Netherlands","volume":"8","author":"Moser","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1097\/01.JCN.0000317428.98844.4d","article-title":"What do we know about adherence and self-care?","volume":"23","author":"Evangelista","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Nurs"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1111\/jnu.12377","article-title":"The roles of social support and health literacy in self-management among patients with chronic kidney disease","volume":"50","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Nurs Scholarsh"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2018.07.012","article-title":"The effect of brief self-management intervention for hemodialysis patients (HED-SMART) on trajectories of depressive and anxious symptoms","volume":"113","author":"Griva","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-016-0416-2","article-title":"Person-centred care in chronic kidney disease: a cross-sectional study of patients\u2019 desires for self-management support","volume":"18","author":"Havas","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.02.016","article-title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis of patient activation in people living with chronic conditions","volume":"104","author":"Cuevas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Patient Educ Couns"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1007\/s10865-016-9782-2","article-title":"The Common-Sense Model of Self-regulation (CSM): a dynamic framework for understanding illness self-management","volume":"39","author":"Leventhal","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Behav Med"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2016.08.001","article-title":"Self-management interventions: proposal and validation of a new operational definition","volume":"80","author":"Jonkman","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.outlook.2014.07.005","article-title":"Chronic disease self-management: a hybrid conceptanalysis","volume":"63","author":"Miller","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nurs Outlook"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib12","first-page":"224","article-title":"Managing chronic illness at home: three lines of work","volume-title":"Qual Sociol","author":"Corbin","year":"1985"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib13","article-title":"Person-centred care: From ideas to action: Bringing together the evidence on shared decision making and self-management support","author":"Ahmad","year":"2014"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0129015","article-title":"The role of personality and social support in health-related quality of life in chronic kidney disease patients","volume":"10","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.07680715","article-title":"Educating patients about CKD: the path to self-management and patient-centered care","volume":"11","author":"Narva","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib16","first-page":"25","article-title":"Self-management: a comprehensive approach to management of chronic conditions","volume":"104","author":"Grady","year":"2014","journal-title":"Public Health"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-200111000-00008","article-title":"Chronic disease self-management program 2-year health status and health care utilization outcomes","volume":"39","author":"Lorig","year":"2001","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1080\/20476965.2022.2029584","article-title":"The biopsychosociotechnical model: a systems-based framework for human-centered health improvement","volume":"12","author":"Card","year":"2022","journal-title":"Health Syst (Basingstoke)"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib19","first-page":"1","article-title":"Scale development: ten main limitations and recommendations to improve future research practices","volume":"30","author":"Morgado","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psicol Reflex Crit"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.7748\/nr.2018.e1585","article-title":"A step-by-step approach to developing scales for survey research","volume":"26","author":"Younas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nurse Res"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2018.00149","article-title":"Best practices for developing and validating scales for health, social, and behavioral research: a primer","volume":"6","author":"Boateng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1412","DOI":"10.1037\/pas0000626","article-title":"Constructing validity: new developments in creating objective measuring instruments","volume":"31","author":"Clark","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychol Assess"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib23","author":"UK Renal Registry","year":"2023","journal-title":"UK Renal Registry 25th Annual Report\u2014Data to 31\/12\/2021"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e020145","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-020145","article-title":"Ethnic differences in the progression of chronic kidney disease and risk of death in a UK diabetic population: an observational cohort study","volume":"8","author":"Mathur","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa","article-title":"Using thematic analysis in psychology","volume":"3","author":"Braun","year":"2006","journal-title":"Qual Res Psychol"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1002\/nur.20147","article-title":"The content validity index: are you sure you know what\u2019s being reported? Critique and recommendations","volume":"29","author":"Polit","year":"2006","journal-title":"Res Nurs Health"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib27","volume-title":"Scale Development: Theory and Applications","author":"De Vellis","year":"2003","edition":"2nd edn,"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib28","first-page":"271","article-title":"Relationship between illness perceptions, treatment adherence, and clinical outcomes in patients on maintenance hemodialysis","volume":"37","author":"Kim","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nephrol Nurs J"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x","article-title":"The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure","volume":"16","author":"Kroenke","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib30","first-page":"256","article-title":"Effect of a self-management program on patients with chronic disease","volume":"4","author":"Lorig","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eff Clin Pract"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib31","volume-title":"Development of a Unique Person-centred Self-Management Behaviour Scale for People on Haemodialysis","author":"Munro Wild","year":"2024"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105077","DOI":"10.1016\/j.childyouth.2020.105077","article-title":"Development and validation of the chronic illness self-management (CISM) scale: data from a young patient sample in Hong Kong","volume":"114","author":"Ngai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Child Youth Serv Rev"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1177\/20543581221086685","article-title":"Ethnic differences in health literacy, self-efficacy, and self-management in patients treated with maintenance hemodialysis","volume":"9","author":"Ibelo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Can J Kidney Health Dis"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-018-1075-2","article-title":"Meeting patients where they are: improving outcomes in early chronic kidney disease with tailored self-management support (the CKD-SMS study)","volume":"19","author":"Havas","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare9030266","article-title":"Factors influencing self-efficacy and self-management among patients with pre-end-stage renal disease (pre-ESRD)","volume":"9","author":"Lai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Healthcare (Basel)"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-016-1558-z","article-title":"Design and protocol for the Dialysis Optimal Health Program (DOHP) randomised controlled trial","volume":"17","author":"Knowles","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2012111134","article-title":"Psychosocial intervention improves depression, quality of life, and fluid adherence in hemodialysis","volume":"25","author":"Cukor","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cct.2015.11.020","article-title":"Rationale and design of A trial of Sertraline vs. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for End-stage Renal Disease Patients with Depression (ASCEND)","volume":"47","author":"Hedayati","year":"2016","journal-title":"Contemp Clin Trials"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib39","first-page":"225","article-title":"Regret about the decision to start dialysis: a cross-sectional Dutch national survey","volume":"75","author":"Berkhout-Byrne","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neth J Med"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sapharm.2016.07.008","article-title":"The delicate balance of keeping it all together: using social capital to manage multiple medications for patients on dialysis","volume":"13","author":"Parker","year":"2017","journal-title":"Res Social Adm Pharm"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1111\/sdi.12159","article-title":"Nonadherence in dialysis patients: prevalence, measurement, outcome, and psychological determinants","volume":"27","author":"Clark","year":"2014","journal-title":"Semin Dial"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1206","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.10561015","article-title":"A thematic synthesis of the experiences of adults living with hemodialysis","volume":"11","author":"Reid","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511490026","volume-title":"Measuring the Mind: Conceptual Issues in Contemporary Psychometrics","author":"Borsboom","year":"2005"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1394","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfw307","article-title":"Engagement in decision-making and patient satisfaction: a qualitative study of older patients\u2019 perceptions of dialysis initiation and modality decisions","volume":"32","author":"Ladin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e019814","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-019814","article-title":"Self-management interventions for adults with chronic kidney disease: a scoping review","volume":"8","author":"Donald","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1177\/0733464821996527","article-title":"Loneliness during the COVID-19 pandemic among older adults with chronic conditions","volume":"40","author":"Polenick","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Appl Gerontol"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-022-02679-w","article-title":"Patient activation and its association with symptom burden and quality of life across the spectrum of chronic kidney disease stages in England","volume":"23","author":"Magadi","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.19611220","article-title":"Reliability and validity of the patient activation measure in kidney disease: results of rasch analysis","volume":"16","author":"Lightfoot","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e027775","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-027775","article-title":"Delineating the concept of self-management in chronic conditions: a concept analysis","volume":"9","author":"Van De Velde","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"2026050510413520600_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.020","article-title":"Social cure, what social cure? The propensity to underestimate the importance of social factors for health","volume":"198","author":"Haslam","year":"2018","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"}],"container-title":["Clinical Kidney Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ckj\/article-pdf\/19\/5\/sfaf364\/65742434\/sfaf364.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ckj\/article-pdf\/19\/5\/sfaf364\/65742434\/sfaf364.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T14:41:46Z","timestamp":1777992106000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ckj\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/ckj\/sfaf364\/8365557"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ckj\/sfaf364","relation":{},"ISSN":["2048-8505","2048-8513"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2048-8505","type":"print"},{"value":"2048-8513","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]]},"article-number":"sfaf364"}}