{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T16:53:08Z","timestamp":1789750388680,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]],"date-time":"2025-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764892800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Diabetes is the leading cause of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) worldwide. In particular, whether diabetes has a negative effect on the risk of transfer to haemodialysis (HD) remains controversial. This study was conducted to provide updated data on outcomes of patients with diabetes on peritoneal dialysis (PD).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a retrospective cohort study using data from the French Language Peritoneal Dialysis Registry, including patients starting PD between 2008 and 2018; the end of the study was 31 December 2021. Cox and Fine\u2013Gray models examined associations between diabetes and mortality, transfer to HD, a composite outcome of death and HD transfer and kidney transplantation. In addition, the causes of transfer to HD were analysed separately. Mediation analyses were performed to assess the indirect effects of early peritonitis and assisted PD on HD transfer.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 10\u00a0412 PD patients, 3473 (33%) were diabetics. Diabetes was associated with an increased risk of HD transfer {cause-specific hazard ratio [cs-HR] 1.69 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.36\u20132.11]}, death [cs-HR 1.32 (95% CI 1.21\u20131.43)] and the composite outcome [cs-HR 1.23 (95% CI 1.15\u20131.31)] in Cox and Fine\u2013Gray models [HD transfer subdistribution HR (sd-HR) 1.18 (95% CI 1.07\u20131.31); death sd-HR 1.25 (95% CI 1.15\u20131.35)]. Diabetic patients were less likely to receive a kidney transplant [cs-HR 0.52 (95% C: 0.41\u20130.66); sd-HR 0.44 (95% CI 0.35\u20130.56)]. At a 5% false discovery rate, diabetes was significantly associated with an increased risk of transfer to HD due to inadequate dialysis, other PD-related causes and non-PD-related causes. Mediation analyses showed no significant indirect effects via early peritonitis or assisted PD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Diabetes has a higher risk of transfer to HD that was not explained by early peritonitis or not being assisted. Diabetic PD patients have a greater mortality risk and lower access to transplantation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfaf382","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T13:18:50Z","timestamp":1764854330000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Outcomes of diabetic patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis in the French Language Peritoneal Dialysis Registry"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Nesrine","family":"Khachroumi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Normandie Universit\u00e9, UNICAEN, UFR de M\u00e9decine , Caen ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annabel","family":"Boyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Normandie Universit\u00e9, UNICAEN, UFR de M\u00e9decine , Caen ,","place":["France"]},{"name":"Centre Universitaire des Maladies R\u00e9nales, CHU de Caen Normandie , Caen ,","place":["France"]},{"name":"\u201cANTICIPE\u201d U1086 INSERM-UCN, Centre Fran\u00e7ois Baclesse , Caen ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antoine","family":"Lanot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Normandie Universit\u00e9, UNICAEN, UFR de M\u00e9decine , Caen ,","place":["France"]},{"name":"Centre Universitaire des Maladies R\u00e9nales, CHU de Caen Normandie , Caen ,","place":["France"]},{"name":"\u201cANTICIPE\u201d U1086 INSERM-UCN, Centre Fran\u00e7ois Baclesse , Caen ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maxence","family":"Ficheux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Universitaire des Maladies R\u00e9nales, CHU de Caen Normandie , Caen ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cl\u00e9mence","family":"Bechade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Normandie Universit\u00e9, UNICAEN, UFR de M\u00e9decine , Caen ,","place":["France"]},{"name":"Centre Universitaire des Maladies R\u00e9nales, CHU de Caen Normandie , Caen ,","place":["France"]},{"name":"\u201cANTICIPE\u201d U1086 INSERM-UCN, Centre Fran\u00e7ois Baclesse , Caen ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0945-8056","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thierry","family":"Lobbedez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Normandie Universit\u00e9, UNICAEN, UFR de M\u00e9decine , Caen ,","place":["France"]},{"name":"Centre Universitaire des Maladies R\u00e9nales, CHU de Caen Normandie , Caen ,","place":["France"]},{"name":"\u201cANTICIPE\u201d U1086 INSERM-UCN, Centre Fran\u00e7ois Baclesse , Caen ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026010902520266600_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1159\/000506634","article-title":"Diabetic kidney disease: challenges, advances, and opportunities","volume":"6","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Kidney Dis"},{"key":"2026010902520266600_bib2","author":"United States Renal Data System","journal-title":"2025 Annual Data Report"},{"key":"2026010902520266600_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kisu.2020.09.001","article-title":"China Kidney Disease Network (CK-NET) 2016 annual data report","volume":"10","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Kidney Int Suppl"},{"key":"2026010902520266600_bib4","author":"R\u00e9seau Epid\u00e9miologie, Information, N\u00e9phrologie","journal-title":"REIN annual report 2021"},{"key":"2026010902520266600_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfu293","article-title":"Dialysis modality choice in diabetic patients with end-stage kidney disease: a systematic review of the available evidence","volume":"30","author":"Couchoud","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"2026010902520266600_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3742","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfq233","article-title":"Risk factors for mortality in diabetic peritoneal dialysis patients","volume":"25","author":"Chung","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"2026010902520266600_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.3390\/kidneydial2040050","article-title":"Challenges in management of diabetic patient on dialysis","volume":"2","author":"Eldehni","year":"2022","journal-title":"Kidney Dial"},{"key":"2026010902520266600_bib8","article-title":"Greffe r\u00e9nale\u202f: assurer un acc\u00e8s \u00e9quitable \u00e0 la liste d\u2019attente","author":"Haute Autorit\u00e9 de Sant\u00e9"},{"key":"2026010902520266600_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-021-00490-8","article-title":"Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists in diabetic kidney disease\u2014mechanistic and therapeutic effects","volume":"18","author":"Barrera-Chimal","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Nephrol"},{"key":"2026010902520266600_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfaa289","article-title":"Assisted peritoneal dialysis and transfer to haemodialysis: a cause-specific analysis with data from the RDPLF","volume":"36","author":"Lanot","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"2026010902520266600_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.26.2.510","article-title":"Quantifying the risk of infectious diseases for people with diabetes","volume":"26","author":"Shah","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2026010902520266600_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1177\/089686080702700602","article-title":"The fate of older diabetic patients on peritoneal dialysis: myths and mysteries and suggestions for further research","volume":"27","author":"Van Laecke","year":"2007","journal-title":"Perit Dial Int"},{"issue":"Suppl 103","key":"2026010902520266600_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S12","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5001911","article-title":"French peritoneal dialysis registry (RDPLF): outline and main results","volume":"70","author":"Verger","year":"2006","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2026010902520266600_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1276","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gft018","article-title":"Outcome of the sub-optimal dialysis starter on peritoneal dialysis. Report from the French Language Peritoneal Dialysis Registry (RDPLF)","volume":"28","author":"Lobbedez","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"2026010902520266600_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.10161011","article-title":"Is assisted peritoneal dialysis associated with technique survival when competing events are considered?","volume":"7","author":"Lobbedez","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2026010902520266600_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.3747\/pdi.2015.00218","article-title":"Duration of hemodialysis following peritoneal dialysis cessation in Australia and New Zealand: proposal for a standardized definition of technique failure","volume":"36","author":"Lan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Perit Dial Int"},{"key":"2026010902520266600_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1515\/ijb-2020-0045","article-title":"Bayesian information criterion approximations to Bayes factors for univariate and multivariate logistic regression models","volume":"17","author":"Selig","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Biostat"},{"key":"2026010902520266600_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x","article-title":"Controlling the false discovery rate: a practical and powerful approach to multiple testing","volume":"57","author":"Benjamini","year":"1995","journal-title":"J R Stat Soc Ser B Methodol"},{"key":"2026010902520266600_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1999.10474144","article-title":"A proportional hazards model for the subdistribution of a competing risk","volume":"94","author":"Fine","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Am Stat Assoc"},{"key":"2026010902520266600_bib20","article-title":"Mediation analysis for survival data","author":"Holst"},{"key":"2026010902520266600_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyz261","article-title":"Use of E-values for addressing confounding in observational studies-an empirical assessment of the literature","volume":"49","author":"Blum","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2026010902520266600_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-139X.2007.00281.x","article-title":"The acute cardiac effects of dialysis","volume":"20","author":"Selby","year":"2007","journal-title":"Semin Dial"},{"key":"2026010902520266600_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S190","DOI":"10.1177\/089686080702702s33","article-title":"Peritoneal dialysis in patients with diabetes: are the benefits greater than the disadvantages?","volume":"27","author":"Kuriyama","year":"2007","journal-title":"Perit Dial Int"},{"key":"2026010902520266600_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.4414\/smw.2006.11180","article-title":"Satisfaction of patients on chronic haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis","volume":"136","author":"Moinat","year":"2006","journal-title":"Swiss Med Wkly"},{"key":"2026010902520266600_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.291.6.697","article-title":"Patient ratings of dialysis care with peritoneal dialysis vs hemodialysis","volume":"291","author":"Rubin","year":"2004","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2026010902520266600_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.01220406","article-title":"Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis: patients\u2019 assessment of their satisfaction with therapy and the impact of the therapy on their lives","volume":"1","author":"Juergensen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2026010902520266600_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3755","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfq212","article-title":"Broadening options for long-term dialysis in the elderly (BOLDE): differences in quality of life on peritoneal dialysis compared to haemodialysis for older patients","volume":"25","author":"Brown","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"2026010902520266600_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2009060635","article-title":"Propensity-matched mortality comparison of incident hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients","volume":"21","author":"Weinhandl","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2026010902520266600_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2222","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2003.00321.x","article-title":"Effect of starting with hemodialysis compared with peritoneal dialysis in patients new on dialysis treatment: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"64","author":"Korevaar","year":"2003","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2026010902520266600_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.5414\/CN108382","article-title":"Peritoneal dialysis: update on patient survival","volume":"83","author":"Teixeira","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Nephrol"},{"key":"2026010902520266600_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1111\/sdi.12692","article-title":"Dialysis modality and survival: done to death","volume":"31","author":"Trinh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Semin Dial"},{"key":"2026010902520266600_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2020.05.032","article-title":"Peritoneal dialysis use and practice patterns: an international survey study","volume":"77","author":"Cho","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"2026010902520266600_bib33","author":"R\u00e9seau Epid\u00e9miologie, Information, N\u00e9phrologie","journal-title":"REIN annual report 2022"},{"key":"2026010902520266600_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1177\/0896860820918708","article-title":"Associations between diabetes and sex with peritoneal dialysis technique and patient survival: results from the Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry cohort study","volume":"41","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Perit Dial Int"},{"key":"2026010902520266600_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.3747\/pdi.2012.00111","article-title":"Better outcomes of peritoneal dialysis in diabetic patients in spite of risk of loss of autonomy for home dialysis","volume":"34","author":"Cotovio","year":"2014","journal-title":"Perit Dial Int"},{"key":"2026010902520266600_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.25796\/bdd.v6i3.76653","article-title":"Diabetic patients and peritoneal dialysis","volume":"6","author":"Allata","year":"2023","journal-title":"Bull Dial Domic"},{"key":"2026010902520266600_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.3747\/pdi.2011.00205","article-title":"Diabetes influences peritoneal morphology in uremic patients at the initiation of peritoneal dialysis","volume":"33","author":"Mizumasa","year":"2013","journal-title":"Perit Dial Int"},{"key":"2026010902520266600_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1111\/nep.14280","article-title":"Development and validation of prediction model for technique failure in peritoneal dialysis patients: an observational study","volume":"29","author":"Ling","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nephrology"},{"key":"2026010902520266600_bib39","first-page":"110","article-title":"Predictors of residual renal function loss in peritoneal dialysis: is previous renal transplantation a risk factor?","volume":"25","author":"Bernardo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Adv Perit Dial"},{"key":"2026010902520266600_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.20233411S1185c","article-title":"Impact of glycemic control on technique failure in incident peritoneal dialysis with diabetes: focusing on volume overload: TH-PO335","volume":"34","author":"Kim","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2026010902520266600_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e184852","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2018.4852","article-title":"Comparison of the complexity of patients seen by different medical subspecialists in a universal health care system","volume":"1","author":"Tonelli","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"2026010902520266600_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-014-3160-9","article-title":"Trends in the epidemiology and care of diabetes mellitus-related end-stage renal disease in France, 2007\u20132011","volume":"57","author":"Assogba","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"2026010902520266600_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101324","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nefro.2025.01.010","article-title":"Particularities of peritoneal dialysis in diabetic patients","volume":"45","author":"Paes de Faria","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nefrolog\u00eda"},{"key":"2026010902520266600_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1007\/s40620-022-01433-7","article-title":"Incremental peritoneal dialysis allows to reduce the time spent for dialysis, glucose exposure, economic cost, plastic waste and water consumption","volume":"36","author":"Nardelli","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Nephrol"},{"key":"2026010902520266600_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.12321216","article-title":"Multicenter registry analysis of center characteristics associated with technique failure in patients on incident peritoneal dialysis","volume":"12","author":"Htay","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2026010902520266600_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfw011","article-title":"Effect of assistance on peritonitis risk in diabetic patients treated by peritoneal dialysis: report from the French Language Peritoneal Dialysis Registry","volume":"31","author":"Benabed","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"2026010902520266600_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1177\/08968608211039669","article-title":"Impact of assistance on peritonitis due to breach in aseptic procedure in diabetic patients: a cohort study with the RDPLF data","volume":"42","author":"B\u00e9chade","year":"2022","journal-title":"Perit Dial Int"}],"container-title":["Clinical Kidney Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ckj\/article-pdf\/19\/1\/sfaf382\/65777989\/sfaf382.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ckj\/article-pdf\/19\/1\/sfaf382\/65777989\/sfaf382.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T07:52:08Z","timestamp":1767945128000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ckj\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/ckj\/sfaf382\/8371773"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ckj\/sfaf382","relation":{},"ISSN":["2048-8505","2048-8513"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2048-8505","type":"print"},{"value":"2048-8513","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]]},"article-number":"sfaf382"}}