{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,23]],"date-time":"2026-05-23T09:06:28Z","timestamp":1779527188972,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779062400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":17,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institutes of Health Research","award":["DK094910"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DK094910"]}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health Research","award":["DK91417"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DK91417"]}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health Research","award":["CA186107"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CA186107"]}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health Research","award":["CA176726"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CA176726"]}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health Research","award":["CA167552"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CA167552"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Kidney stone disease (KSD) has been linked to increased risk of adverse cardiovascular (CV) and bone events, raising the hypothesis of a shared pathogenic pathway. However, it is unclear whether these events commonly occur in the same stone-forming individual. We examined the occurrence of CV and bone events in individuals with a history of KSD and analyzed their characteristics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We analyzed three large prospective cohorts, the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS, men) and the Nurses\u2019 Health Study (NHS, women) I and II. Individuals with a self-reported diagnosis of KSD during follow-up and no previous CV or bone events at the time of KSD diagnosis were included in the study and followed until the development of a CV event (fatal or non-fatal myocardial infarction, coronary revascularization) and a bone event (fracture, osteoporosis); individuals who developed cancer or died were censored. Characteristics of stone formers experiencing only one event (CV or bone), both events, or none were compared using multinomial logistic regression models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study included data from 14\u2009709 individuals with KSD. In HPFS, 28.7% of the participants experienced at least one event: 17.4% a CV event, 8.5% a bone event and 2.8% both. In NHS I, 46.0% of the participants experienced at least one event: 7.3% a CV event, 32.8% a bone event and 5.9% both. In NHS II, 27.1% of the participants experienced at least one event: 2.0% a CV event, 23.9% a bone event and 1.1% both. Across cohorts, age, BMI, thiazide use, calcium and vitamin D supplementation, and prevalence of hypertension and diabetes did not identify specific high-risk subgroups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CV and bone events are common in KSD; however, their co-occurrence in the same stone-forming individual is relatively rare. CV disease and bone disease are unlikely to share major risk factors in individuals with KSD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfag155","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T11:44:28Z","timestamp":1778931868000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Combined occurrence of cardiovascular and bone events in individuals with kidney stone disease"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1379-022X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pietro Manuel","family":"Ferraro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Verona Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, , Verona ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric N","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Harvard Medical School Channing Division of Network 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