{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,22]],"date-time":"2026-08-22T09:23:35Z","timestamp":1787390615922,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":90,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785801600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Kidney imaging advances are transforming the field of nephrology by allowing non-invasive examination of renal structure, function, and pathology. Traditional measures such as albuminuria and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) are only partially effective in identifying early or regionally variable kidney damage. As an example, imaging identifies chronic kidney disease (CKD) in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) decades earlier than eGFR or albuminuria, addressing the \u201cblind spot\u201d in CKD, and providing a criterion to start early therapy. Currently, quantitative imaging techniques such as advanced ultrasound (Doppler sonography, photoacoustic imaging [PAI], contrast-enhanced ultrasound [CEUS], and ultrasound-based elastography), multiparametric MRI, and some CT methods provide insights into fibrosis, lipid infiltration, oxygenation, and microvascular integrity. Imaging biomarkers, including cortical R2*, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), arterial spin labeling (ASL), and shear-wave elastography (SWE), show significant predictive value for progression to kidney failure in CKD, including diabetic kidney disease, independent of traditional measurements. Imaging detects fibrotic remodeling and microvascular impairment in hypertensive and obese kidney phenotypes before laboratory indicators appear. Emerging technologies such as AI-augmented radiomics, photoacoustic oxygen mapping, and H-scan ultrasound may facilitate the early detection of graft fibrosis and functional decline in kidney transplantation. Most methods, however, lack optimal clinical integration, standardized protocols, and comprehensive validation. Future directions may include longitudinal cohort studies, multi-omics data integration, imaging-informed clinical trial outcomes, and machine learning-based prognostic models. Imaging biomarkers have the potential to profoundly transform precision nephrology by providing organ- and tissue-level insights that enhance transplant surveillance, therapy monitoring, and personalized risk classification.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfag243","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T11:38:44Z","timestamp":1785843524000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Integrating kidney imaging for risk prediction, therapeutic monitoring, and prognostication across the kidney disease spectrum: a review of emerging evidence"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Mustafa","family":"Guldan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Koc University School of Medicine , Istanbul ,","place":["Turkiye"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ibrahim","family":"Gulmaliyev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Koc University School of Medicine , Istanbul ,","place":["Turkiye"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rama","family":"AlShiab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Koc University School of Medicine , Istanbul ,","place":["Turkiye"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ermeena","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Koc University School of Medicine , Istanbul ,","place":["Turkiye"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lasin","family":"Ozbek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Koc University School of Medicine , Istanbul ,","place":["Turkiye"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahmut","family":"Altindal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Koc University School of Medicine , Istanbul ,","place":["Turkiye"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bengi","family":"Gurses","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Koc University School of Medicine , Istanbul ,","place":["Turkiye"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Madero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiolog\u00eda Ignacio Chavez , Mexico City ,","place":["Mexico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9805-9523","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alberto","family":"Ortiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid and IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz , Madrid ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrian","family":"Covic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology Clinic, Dialysis and Renal Transplant Center, \u201cC.I. Parhon\u201d University Hospital and \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine , Iasi ,","place":["Romania"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1297-0675","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehmet","family":"Kanbay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Koc University School of Medicine , Istanbul ,","place":["Turkiye"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026082204363334900_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-024-00820-6","article-title":"Chronic kidney disease and the global public health agenda: an international consensus","volume":"20","author":"Francis","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Rev Nephrol"},{"key":"2026082204363334900_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-024-00589-9","article-title":"Chronic kidney disease","volume":"11","author":"Romagnani","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"2026082204363334900_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"ii4","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfy152","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging biomarkers for chronic kidney disease: a position paper from the European Cooperation in Science and Technology Action PARENCHIMA","volume":"33","author":"Selby","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"2026082204363334900_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfz129","article-title":"Quantitative assessment of renal structural and functional changes in chronic kidney disease using multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"35","author":"Buchanan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"2026082204363334900_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2024.07.009","article-title":"KDIGO 2025 clinical practice guideline for the evaluation, management, and treatment of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD)","volume":"107","author":"Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) ADPKD Work Group","year":"2025","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2026082204363334900_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab456","article-title":"Use of chronic kidney disease blind spot to prevent cardiorenal outcomes","volume":"43","author":"Ruilope","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2026082204363334900_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfx023","article-title":"Clinical proteomics in kidney disease as an exponential technology: heading towards the disruptive phase","volume":"10","author":"Sanchez-Ni\u00f1o","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Kidney J"},{"key":"2026082204363334900_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2025.04.005","article-title":"Preventing chronic kidney disease and maintaining kidney health: conclusions from a kidney disease: improving global outcomes (KDIGO) controversies conference","volume":"108","author":"Ortiz","year":"2025","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2026082204363334900_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2021.04.032","article-title":"Basic principles and new advances in kidney imaging","volume":"100","author":"Caroli","year":"2021","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2026082204363334900_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5211","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-023-09674-1","article-title":"Value of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging for evaluating chronic kidney disease and renal fibrosis","volume":"33","author":"Hua","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"2026082204363334900_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"sfad267","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfad267","article-title":"Should we enlarge the indication for kidney biopsy in diabetics? 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