{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T01:45:43Z","timestamp":1792460743536,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,17]],"date-time":"2024-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National High-Level Hospital Clinical Research Fund","award":["BJ-2023-077"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BJ-2023-077"]}]},{"name":"National High-Level Hospital Clinical Research Fund","award":["BJ-2022-118"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BJ-2022-118"]}]},{"name":"CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences","award":["2021-I2M-1-050"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021-I2M-1-050"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Due to the diversity of the immune repertoire (IR), reconstructing full-length IR using traditional short-read sequencing has proven challenging.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A full-length IR sequencing (FLIRseq) work flow was developed with linear rolling circle amplification and nanopore sequencing. Its accuracy and quantification ability were verified by plasmid mixtures and commercial B-cell receptor\/T-cell receptor sequencing (BCR\/TCR-seq) based on short reads. IRs in tissues and the peripheral blood from 8 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, 3 patients with allergic diseases, 4 patients with psoriasis, and 5 patients with prostate cancer were analyzed using FLIRseq.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>FLIRseq reads had lower mismatch rates and gap rates, and higher identify rates than nanopore reads (all P &amp;lt; 2.2 \u00d7 \u221216). The relative quantification of components by FLIRseq was consistent with the actual quantification (P &amp;gt; 0.05). FLIRseq had superiority over BCR\/TCR-seq, providing the long complementarity-determining region 3, B-cell isotype, and the rarely used V gene sequence. FLIRseq observed an increase in clonotype diversity (P &amp;lt; 0.05) and a decrease in the percentage of abnormal BCRs\/TCRs in patients with leukemia in remission. For patients with allergic diseases or psoriasis, FLIRseq provided direct insights into V(D)J recombination and specific immunoglobulin classes. Compared with that in prostate cancer tissues, the full-length V segment of the biased T-cell receptor \u03b2 chain from lymphocytes in psoriatic tissues showed a more consistent AlphaFold2-predicted protein structure (P &amp;lt; 0.05).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>FLIRseq enables unbiased and comprehensive analyses of direct V(D)J recombination and immunoglobulin classes, thereby contributing to characterizing pathogenic mechanisms, monitoring minimal residual disease, and customizing adoptive cell therapy.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/hvae138","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,17]],"date-time":"2024-09-17T16:17:29Z","timestamp":1726589849000},"page":"274-285","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Full-Length Immune Repertoire Reconstruction and Profiling at the Transcriptome Level Using Long-Read Sequencing"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"71","author":[{"given":"Xuanmei","family":"Luo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Biobank, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital\/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission , Beijing ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lili","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Biobank, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yifei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Biobank, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9588-8118","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Biobank, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaoyuan","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Biobank, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunli","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haozhen","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongyuan","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dali","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang, Liaoning ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lihui","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital\/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission , Beijing ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Biotherapy, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2054-901X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fei","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Biobank, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health 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