{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T01:16:32Z","timestamp":1784250992390,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,24]],"date-time":"2023-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1700784000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":327,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Cayman Chemical"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019913","name":"International Rhino Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R-2019-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R-2019-3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019913","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009088","name":"University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PP21016709"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PP21016709"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009088","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Translocations of Rhinocerotidae are commonly performed for conservation purposes but expose the animals to a variety of stressors (e.g. prolonged fasting, confinement, novel environment, etc.). Stress may change the composition of gut microbiota, which can impact animal health and welfare. White rhinoceroses in particular can develop anorexia, diarrhea and enterocolitis after translocation. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations of age, sex and translocation on the rhinoceros\u2019 fecal bacterial microbiota composition. Fecal samples were collected from rhinoceroses at capture (n\u2009=\u200916) and after a &amp;gt;30-hour road transport (n\u2009=\u20097). DNA was isolated from these samples and submitted for 16S rRNA V3-V4 phylotyping. Alpha diversity indices of the rhinoceros\u2019 fecal microbiota composition of different age, sex and before and after transport were compared using non-parametric statistical tests and beta diversity indices using Permutational Multivariate Analysis Of Variance (PERMANOVA). Resulting P-values were alpha-corrected (Padj.). Alpha and beta diversity did not differ between rhinoceroses of different age and sex. However, there was a significant difference in beta diversity between fecal samples collected from adult animals at capture and after transport. The most abundant bacterial phyla in samples collected at capture were Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes (85.76%), represented by Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae and Prevotellaceae families. The phyla Proteobacteria (Padj. = 0.009) and Actinobacteria (Padj. = 0.012), amongst others, increased in relative abundance from capture to after transport encompassing potentially pathogenic bacterial families such as Enterobacteriaceae (Padj. = 0.018) and Pseudomonadaceae (Padj. = 0.022). Important commensals such as Spirochaetes (Padj. = 0.009), Fibrobacteres (Padj. = 0.018) and Lachnospiraceae (Padj. = 0.021) decreased in relative abundance. These results indicate that the stressors associated with capture and transport cause an imbalanced fecal microbiota composition in white rhinoceroses that may lead to potentially infectious intestinal disorders. This imbalance may result from recrudescence of normally innocuous pathogens, increased shedding of pathogens or increased vulnerability to new pathogens.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/conphys\/coad089","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,25]],"date-time":"2023-11-25T03:52:35Z","timestamp":1700884355000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Capture and transport of white rhinoceroses (<i>Ceratotherium simum<\/i>) cause shifts in their fecal microbiota composition towards dysbiosis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4236-5847","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Friederike","family":"Pohlin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Department of Interdisciplinary Life Sciences, Research Institute of Wildlife Ecology, , Savoyenstrasse 1, 1160 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"University of Pretoria Centre for Veterinary Wildlife Research, Faculty of Veterinary 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R","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pretoria Centre for Veterinary Wildlife Research, Faculty of Veterinary Science, , Soutpan Road, 0110 Onderstepoort, South Africa"},{"name":"University of Pretoria Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, , Soutpan Road, 0110 Onderstepoort, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franz-Ferdinand","family":"Roch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Unit for Food Microbiology, Institute for Food Safety, Food Technology and Veterinary Public Health, Department for Farm Animal and Veterinary Public Health, , Veterin\u00e4rplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Narciso M","family":"Quijada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Unit for Food Microbiology, Institute for Food Safety, Food Technology and Veterinary Public Health, Department for Farm Animal and Veterinary Public Health, , Veterin\u00e4rplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"University of Salamanca Department of Microbiology and Genetics, Institute for Agribiotechnology Research (CIALE), , Parque Cient\u00edfico de Villamayor, Calle R\u00edo Duero 12, 37185 Villamayor (Salamanca), Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beate","family":"Conrady","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Copenhagen Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, , Gr\u00f8nneg\u00e5rdsvej 15, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark"},{"name":"Complexity Science Hub Vienna , Josefst\u00e4dterstr. 38, 1080 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viktoria","family":"Neubauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Unit for Food Microbiology, Institute for 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