{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T15:59:03Z","timestamp":1785340743375,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784246400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":16,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can substantially impair daily functioning, yet disability prevalence and determinants remain underexplored in Palestine. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of IBD-related disability using the IBD Disk tool and to identify risk factors associated with high disability among Palestinian patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross-sectional study was conducted among patients with a confirmed diagnosis of Crohn\u2019s disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis for at least six months. Participants completed an Arabic translation of the IBD Disk prepared through forward-backward translation. Demographic, clinical, and lifestyle data were collected. Disability was defined as an IBD Disk total score &amp;gt;40. Logistic regression was used to identify factors independently associated with disability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 179 patients (59.2% CD, mean age 33.68\u2009\u00b1\u200912.27\u2009years) participated. The prevalence of IBD-related disability was 58.1%, with a mean total IBD Disk score of 45.31\u2009\u00b1\u200923.20. Joint pain was the highest-scoring domain (6.06\u2009\u00b1\u20093.32), while sexual function scored lowest (2.46\u2009\u00b1\u20092.43). While azathioprine use (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.421, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.213-0.829, P\u2009=\u2009.012) was associated with lower disability, self-reported vitamin D deficiency in the preceding 3\u2009months was associated with higher disability (aOR 2.932, 95% CI 1.066-8.060, P\u2009=\u2009.03). Among patients with CD, cigarettes smoked per day showed a weak positive correlation with IBD Disk scores.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>High disability was common among Palestinian patients with IBD. Self-reported vitamin D deficiency in the preceding 3\u2009months was associated with higher odds of high disability, whereas azathioprine use was associated with lower odds. Cigarettes smoked per day showed a weak positive correlation with disability scores among patients with CD, but smoking status was not independently associated with high disability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/crocol\/otag079","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T11:48:37Z","timestamp":1784116117000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Disability among Palestinian patients with inflammatory bowel disease: evaluation using the IBD Disk and identification of associated factors"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9263-8842","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed","family":"Quraish","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Medical Sciences, An-Najah National University , Nablus 44839,","place":["Palestine"]},{"name":"Department of Scientific Research and Medical Projects, Faculty 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44839,","place":["Palestine"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-9793-6098","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sami","family":"Salous","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Medical Sciences, An-Najah National University , Nablus 44839,","place":["Palestine"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-0076-4317","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dala","family":"Quraish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Medical Sciences, An-Najah National University , Nablus 44839,","place":["Palestine"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-4356-8240","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qusay","family":"Abdoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Medical Sciences, An-Najah National University , Nablus 44839,","place":["Palestine"]},{"name":"Gastrointestinal Medical Center , Nablus, 4050086,","place":["Palestine"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026072911114402500_otag079-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.3390\/GIDISORD1010007","article-title":"The multifactorial etiopathogeneses interplay of inflammatory bowel disease: an overview","volume":"1","author":"M\u2019Koma","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gastrointest Disord"},{"key":"2026072911114402500_otag079-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7247238","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/7247238","article-title":"A comprehensive review and update on the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"2019","author":"Guan","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Immunol 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