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Yet identifying coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) as an additional player in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) may provide explanations of why symptoms may persist frequently following and why global coronary flow reserve may be more prognostically important than fractional flow reserve measured in a single vessel before percutaneous coronary intervention. This review focuses on the challenges of identifying the presence of CMD in the context of diffuse non-obstructive CAD and obstructive CAD. Furthermore, it is going to discuss the pathophysiology in this complex situation, examine the clinical context in which the interaction of the three components of disease takes place and finally look at non-invasive diagnostic methods relevant for addressing this question.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvaa005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,15]],"date-time":"2020-01-15T20:09:08Z","timestamp":1579118948000},"page":"771-786","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Coronary microvascular dysfunction in stable ischaemic heart disease (non-obstructive coronary artery disease and obstructive coronary artery disease)"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"116","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4549-9901","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Udo","family":"Sechtem","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Robert Bosch Krankenhaus, Auerbachstr. 110, D-70376 Stuttgart, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0930-9747","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Brown","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4985-7828","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shigeo","family":"Godo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2187-6653","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gaetano Antonio","family":"Lanza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. 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