{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T04:20:53Z","timestamp":1778127653902,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,8]],"date-time":"2020-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1594166400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009882","name":"Lombardy Region","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009882","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"CARIPLO"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004710","name":"Fondazione Umberto Veronesi","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004710","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Whether pulmonary artery (PA) dimension and coronary artery calcium (CAC) score, as assessed by chest computed tomography (CT), are associated with myocardial injury in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is not known. The aim of this study was to explore the risk factors for myocardial injury and death and to investigate whether myocardial injury has an independent association with all-cause mortality in patients with COVID-19.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This is a single-centre cohort study including consecutive patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 undergoing chest CT on admission. Myocardial injury was defined as high-sensitivity troponin I &amp;gt;20 ng\/L on admission. A total of 332 patients with a median follow-up of 12 days were included. There were 68 (20.5%) deaths; 123 (37%) patients had myocardial injury. PA diameter was higher in patients with myocardial injury compared with patients without myocardial injury [29.0 (25th\u201375th percentile, 27\u201332) mm vs. 27.7 (25\u201330) mm, P &amp;lt; 0.001). PA diameter was independently associated with an increased risk of myocardial injury [adjusted odds ratio 1.10, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02\u20131.19, P = 0.01] and death [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.09, 95% CI 1.02\u20131.17, P = 0.01]. Compared with patients without myocardial injury, patients with myocardial injury had a lower prevalence of a CAC score of zero (25% vs. 55%, P &amp;lt; 0.001); however, the CAC score did not emerge as a predictor of myocardial injury by multivariable logistic regression. Myocardial injury was independently associated with an increased risk of death by multivariable Cox regression (adjusted HR 2.25, 95% CI 1.27\u20133.96, P = 0.005). Older age, lower estimated glomerular filtration rate, and lower PaO2\/FiO2 ratio on admission were other independent predictors for both myocardial injury and death.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>An increased PA diameter, as assessed by chest CT, is an independent risk factor for myocardial injury and mortality in patients with COVID-19. Myocardial injury is independently associated with an approximately two-fold increased risk of death.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvaa193","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,30]],"date-time":"2020-06-30T03:28:42Z","timestamp":1593487722000},"page":"2239-2246","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Risk factors for myocardial injury and death in patients with COVID-19: insights from a cohort study with chest computed tomography"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"116","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9175-1464","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Ferrante","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (Milan), Italy"},{"name":"Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7156-0636","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabio","family":"Fazzari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (Milan), Italy"},{"name":"Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0700-1781","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ottavia","family":"Cozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (Milan), Italy"},{"name":"Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3761-7605","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matteo","family":"Maurina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (Milan), Italy"},{"name":"Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Renato","family":"Bragato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (Milan), Italy"},{"name":"Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Federico","family":"D\u2019Orazio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (Milan), Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Torrisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (Milan), Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1889-8798","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ezio","family":"Lanza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (Milan), Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7221-9907","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eleonora","family":"Indolfi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (Milan), Italy"},{"name":"Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valeria","family":"Donghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (Milan), Italy"},{"name":"Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6613-1789","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Riccardo","family":"Mantovani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (Milan), Italy"},{"name":"Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3883-1622","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gaetano","family":"Liccardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (Milan), Italy"},{"name":"Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Voza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Emergency, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (Milan), Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1257-8929","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"Azzolini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (Milan), Italy"},{"name":"Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Balzarini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (Milan), Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bernhard","family":"Reimers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (Milan), Italy"},{"name":"Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3558-6967","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giulio G","family":"Stefanini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (Milan), Italy"},{"name":"Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0481-6843","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianluigi","family":"Condorelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (Milan), Italy"},{"name":"Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, 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