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Through dimension reduction, clustering, and enrichment analyses, CD72hi CM\u03c6s were identified as a subset of pro-inflammatory macrophages. The pseudo-time trajectory and ChIP-Seq analyses identified Rel as the key transcription factor that induces CD72hi CM\u03c6 differentiation. Rel KD and Rel\u2212\/\u2212 bone marrow chimaera mice subjected to TAC showed features of mitigated cardiac injury, including decreased levels of cytokines and ROS, which prohibited cardiomyocyte death. The transfer of adoptive Rel-overexpressing monocytes and CD72hi CM\u03c6 injection directly aggravated heart injury in the TAC model. The CD72hi macrophages also exerted pro-inflammatory and cardiac injury effects associated with myocardial infarction. In humans, patients with heart failure exhibit increased CD72hi CM\u03c6 levels following dilated cardiomyopathy and ischaemic cardiomyopathy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion\u2003<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bone marrow-derived, Rel-mediated CD72hi macrophages play a pro-inflammatory role, induce cardiac injury and, thus, may serve as a therapeutic target for multiple cardiovascular diseases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvab193","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,3]],"date-time":"2021-06-03T11:47:14Z","timestamp":1622720834000},"page":"1303-1320","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["Single-cell transcriptomic analyses of cardiac immune cells reveal that Rel-driven CD72-positive macrophages induce cardiomyocyte injury"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"118","author":[{"given":"Shi-Hao","family":"Ni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 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