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It remains unknown whether IL-5 plays a role in heart repair after myocardial infarction (MI). This study aims to test whether IL-5-induced EOS population promotes the healing and repair process post-MI and to reveal the underlying mechanisms.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>MI was induced by permanent ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery in wild-type C57BL\/6 mice. Western blot and real-time polymerase chain reaction revealed elevated expression of IL-5 in the heart at 5\u2009days post-MI. Immunohistostaining indicated that IL-5 was secreted mainly from macrophages and CD127+ cells in the setting of experimental MI. External supply of recombinant mouse IL-5 (20\u2009min, 1\u2009day, and 2\u2009days after MI surgery) reduced the infarct size and increased ejection fraction and angiogenesis in the border zone. A significant expansion of EOS was detected in both the peripheral blood and infarcted myocardium after IL-5 administration. Pharmacological depletion of EOS by TRFK5 pretreatment muted the beneficial effects of IL-5 in MI mice. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that IL-5 increased the accumulation of CD206+ macrophages in infarcted myocardium at 7\u2009days post-MI. In vitro co-culture experiments showed that EOS shifted bone marrow-derived macrophage polarization towards the CD206+ phenotypes. This activity of EOS was abolished by IL-4 neutralizing antibody, but not IL-10 or IL-13 neutralization. Western blot analyses demonstrated that EOS promoted the macrophage downstream signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) phosphorylation.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>IL-5 facilitates the recovery of cardiac dysfunction post-MI by promoting EOS accumulation and subsequent CD206+ macrophage polarization via the IL-4\/STAT6 axis.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvab237","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,8]],"date-time":"2021-07-08T11:10:38Z","timestamp":1625742638000},"page":"2165-2178","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Interleukin-5-induced eosinophil population improves cardiac function after myocardial infarction"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"118","author":[{"given":"Jun Yan","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , No. 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037 , China"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial People\u2019s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences , No. 106 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou 510080 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu Yan","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , No. 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037 , 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Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037 , China"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Key Laboratory on Assisted Circulation, Ministry of Health , No. 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou 510080 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gui Hao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , No. 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and 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