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Extracellular MPO has recently been shown to be abundant in unstable atheroma and causally linked to plaque destabilization, erosion, and rupture, identifying it as a potential target for the surveillance and treatment of vulnerable atherosclerosis. Through the compartmentalization of MPO\u2019s protective and deleterious effects, extracellular MPO can be selectively detected using non-invasive molecular imaging and targeted by burgeoning pharmacotherapies. Given its causal relationship to plaque destabilization coupled with an ability to preserve its beneficial properties, MPO is potentially a superior translational inflammatory target compared with other immunomodulatory therapies and imaging biomarkers utilized to date. This review explores the role of MPO in plaque destabilization and provides insights into how it can be harnessed in the management of patients with vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvac081","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,19]],"date-time":"2022-05-19T09:51:16Z","timestamp":1652953876000},"page":"112-120","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Arterial myeloperoxidase in the detection and treatment of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque: a new dawn for an old light"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"119","author":[{"given":"James","family":"Nadel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney , 7 Eliza St, Newtown, 2042 Sydney, NSW , Australia"},{"name":"Cardiology Department, St Vincent\u2019s Hospital , Sydney , Australia"},{"name":"School of Medicine, University of New South Wales , Sydney , 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