{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:04:16Z","timestamp":1792785856884,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 HL107572"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HL107572"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Frank J. and Eleanor A. Maslowski Charitable Trust, Minneapolis, MN"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Replacement heart valves that grow with children remain an unmet need. We previously reported valves fabricated from tubes of fibroblast-derived collagenous matrix increased in size while functioning with low systolic gradients and less than moderate regurgitation over 52 weeks in most cases, when implanted as interpositional grafts in the pulmonary artery of lambs. Here, we evaluated valved conduits fabricated by including an inflow segment to the tri-tube valve allowing for myocardial anastomosis as done in a typical right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) surgical repair, in the same growing lamb model.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this pilot study, 19\u2005mm valved conduits fabricated from resorbable suture were implanted into Dorset lambs (n = 3), sutured to the pulmonary annulus and distal pulmonary artery with resorbable suture after dissection of the pulmonary valve leaflets and resection of an arterial segment. Valve function and dimensions were measured with longitudinal transthoracic echocardiography. All animals exhibited an increase in valve diameter (18.2 \u00b1 1.8\u2005mm at 1 week to 25.1 \u00b1 2.4\u2005mm at 52 weeks) and leaflet free-edge length (21.1 \u00b1 2.4\u2005mm at 1 week to 26.2 \u00b1 3.9\u2005mm at 52 weeks) while functioning with at most mild regurgitation over 52 weeks. The inflow segment of the conduit grew somatically based on its unchanged thickness and increased diameter (38%) and collagen content (128%). In all three explanted conduits, the leaflets contained interstitial cells, new collagen and elastin primarily around the base, a developing endothelium on the surfaces, and they remained thin and pliable without macroscopic calcification. There was interdigitating integration of the conduit with the myocardium at the pulmonary annulus. Further, a stent was successfully placed in a valved conduit at term to evaluate feasibility of a prospective clinical intervention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This valved conduit grows in lambs based on this pilot study and thus has clinical potential for RVOT reconstruction and long-term valve growth in children.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvaf038","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,5]],"date-time":"2025-03-05T23:19:16Z","timestamp":1741216756000},"page":"674-683","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Biologically engineered valved conduits for right ventricular outflow tract repair evaluated for 52 weeks in growing lambs"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"121","author":[{"given":"Zeeshan H","family":"Syedain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Lahti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Surgical Services, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Berry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Surgical Services, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John P","family":"Carney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Surgical Services, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jill","family":"Schappa Faustich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Clinical Sciences Department, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bee","family":"Haynie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jack","family":"Maher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Bianco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Surgical Services, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gurumurthy","family":"Hiremath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John E","family":"Mayer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston Children\u2019s Hospital and Department of Thoracic Surgery, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robroy","family":"MacIver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children\u2019s Hospitals and Clinics of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4668-6135","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert T","family":"Tranquillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA"},{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026032301221670300_cvaf038-B1","article-title":"Congenital heart surgery national database","author":"STS","year":"2018","journal-title":"The Society of Thoracic Surgeons"},{"key":"2026032301221670300_cvaf038-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1053\/j.pcsu.2014.01.006","article-title":"Reoperations for pediatric and congenital heart disease: an analysis of the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) congenital heart surgery database","volume":"17","author":"Jacobs","year":"2014","journal-title":"Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg Pediatr Card Surg Annu"},{"key":"2026032301221670300_cvaf038-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.117.309186","article-title":"Current interventional and surgical management of congenital heart disease: specific focus on valvular disease and cardiac arrhythmias","volume":"120","author":"Holst","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"2026032301221670300_cvaf038-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eabb7225","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.abb7225","article-title":"Pediatric tri-tube valved conduits made from fibroblast-produced extracellular matrix evaluated over 52 weeks in growing lambs","volume":"13","author":"Syedain","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"2026032301221670300_cvaf038-B5","first-page":"472","article-title":"The Hancock(R) valved conduit for right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction in sheep for assessing new devices","volume":"26","author":"Carney","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Heart Valve Dis"},{"key":"2026032301221670300_cvaf038-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-8981(67)90167-2","article-title":"Determination of hydroxyproline","volume":"18","author":"Stegemann","year":"1967","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"key":"2026032301221670300_cvaf038-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1228","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezv362","article-title":"Decellularized aortic allografts versus pulmonary autografts for aortic valve replacement in the growing sheep model: haemodynamic and morphological results at 20 months after implantation","volume":"49","author":"Tudorache","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"2026032301221670300_cvaf038-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-6148-8-181","article-title":"Reliability of quantitative echocardiography in adult sheep and goats","volume":"8","author":"Hallowell","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Vet Res"},{"key":"2026032301221670300_cvaf038-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.14326\/abe.4.170","article-title":"Response of human skin fibroblasts to mechanical stretch in wound healing process analyzed using a three-dimensional culture model","volume":"4","author":"Shikano","year":"2015","journal-title":"Advanced Biomedical Engineering"},{"key":"2026032301221670300_cvaf038-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1177\/11297298221147709","article-title":"First-in-human evaluation of a biological regenerative vascular conduit for hemodialysis access","volume":"25","author":"Ebner","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Vasc Access"},{"key":"2026032301221670300_cvaf038-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12951","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms12951","article-title":"Tissue engineering of acellular vascular grafts capable of somatic growth in young lambs","volume":"7","author":"Syedain","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2026032301221670300_cvaf038-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1038\/s43856-024-00614-8","article-title":"Evaluation of an engineered vascular graft exhibiting somatic growth in lambs to model repair of absent pulmonary artery branch","volume":"4","author":"Syedain","year":"2024","journal-title":"Commun Med (Lond)"}],"container-title":["Cardiovascular 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